Chapter 14 Review Flashcards
Provide the definition of the term:
popular sovereignty
people in a territory or state vote directly on issues, rather than having their elected representatives decide
After being provided the definition, name the term:
to withdraw from
secede
What did the Wilmot Proviso propose?
Congress would ban all slavery in territory that might become part of the U.S. as a result of the Mexican-American War
Fill in the blanks:
Fugitives are what ______________ referred to _________ slaves as.
southerners, runaway
Provide the definiton of the term:
Henry Clay
known as the Great Compromiser, he came up with the Compromise of 1850
Why was the Free-Soil Party founded?
Many anti-slavery Whigs and Democrats wanted to take a stronger stand against the spread of slavery, especially in the land gained from the Mexican-American war
True or false? If false, correct the statement:
John C. Calhoun was a U.S. senator from North Carolina, and he spoke for the South against Clay’s Compromise.
False. John C. Calhoun was a U.S. senator from South Carolina, and he spoke for the South against Clay’s Compromise.
Provide the definition of the term:
Daniel Webster
U.S. Senator from Massachusetts who supported Clay’s Compromise in an effort to preserve the Union
What problem did California’s proposed admission to the Union cause?
Both sides realized that California’s admission as a free state would upset the balance between free and slaves state in the Senate
Explanation:
Most of California was in the North, so northerners wanted it to become a northern state.
What other issues were dividing the North and the South during the debate over the admission of California?
- Northerners - Wanted the slave trade abolished in Washington D.C.
- Southerners - Wanted a slave law that would help catch fugitive slaves (with the help of northerners)
Fill in the blank:
Winning the Mexican War had added more than _________ square miles to the United States.
500,000
True or false? If false, correct the statement:
The debate over the Wilmot Proviso demonstrated the nation’s growing sectionalism over the issue of slavery.
True
Which statement below is factual?
- Popular sovereignty would allow U.S. voters to decide whether or not to add a new state to the Union.
- Popular sovereignty would allow voters in a territory to decide whether they wanted to ban or permit slavery.
2
What year was the Free-Soil Party founded?
1848
Why was the South alarmed by the Wilmot Proviso?
Considering that in 1846 the North controlled the House of Representatives because of their large population, but each state had two seats in the Senate.
If the Wilmot Proviso went through, all new states founded would be free states, giving the North (antislavery) an overwhelming majority in the Senate and House of Representatives.
Provide the definition of the term:
Harriet Beecher Stowe
the author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Fill in the blanks:
_________ Douglas proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act in ______, his goal was a __________________ railroad.
Stephen, 1854, transcontinental
How did the Compromise of 1850 deal with the admission of California to the Union?
It allowed California to enter as a free state to please the North
Complete the statement with the best available option:
… was an antislavery settler from Connecticut who led the Pottawatomie massacre.
A. John C. Calhoun
B. Moses Speedbump
C. John Brown
D. Martin Van Buren
C. John Brown
After being provided the definition, name the term:
false or misleading information that is spread to further a cause
propaganda
True or false? If false, correct the statement:
Bleeding Delaware was the nickname given to Delaware because of the fighting between proslavery and antislavery settlers.
False. Bleeding Kansas was the nickname given to Kansas because of the fighting between proslavery and antislavery settlers.
Fill in the blank:
To ________ is to place a burden on something or someone.
impose
What impact did Uncle Tom’s Cabin have in the North and the South?
- In the North - It caused a lot of northerners to realize the ugly truths of slavery. Many started to believe slavery was immoral.
- In the South - Many southern plantation owners were angry and threatened. They claimed it was propaganda
Summary: It increased tensions between the North and the South
What year was Uncle Tom’s Cabin published?
1852
How did Stephen Douglas’s plan undo the Missouri Compromise?
a.k.a: the Kansas-Nebraska Act
It proposed allowing the new territories of Kansas and Nebraska to vote on the topic of slavery through popular sovereignty
Reminder: The Missouri Compromise made it so all states/territories north of the 36°30’ parallel were free (excluding Missouri).
What was the outcome of the election to select a legislature in the Kansas Territory?
Pro-slavery forces, many from Missouri, flooded into Kansas and illegally voted. This outraged anti-slavery settlers, who rejected the legislature and formed their own rival government.
Fill in the blank:
In the Kansas Territory, out of the ____ legislators, all but _____ were pro-slavery.
39, 3
List the four main terms of the Compromise of 1850.
proposed by Henry Clay
- California would be admitted as a free state
- Slave trade would be banned in Washington D.C.
- Popular sovereignty would decide slavery in the rest of the Mexican Cession
- Southerners got a tough new fugitive slave law
After being provided the definition, name the term:
The goal of this was to end slavery by giving supporters and opponents of slavery some of what they wanted.
Compromise of 1850
The Fugitive Slave act of 1850 allowed government officals to arrest any person accused of being what?
a runaway slave (by any white person)
True or false? If false, correct the statement:
Suspects in the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 had no right to a trial.
True
Complete the statement with the best available option:
… were required to help authorities capture accused runaway slaves if asked.
A. Southerners
B. Westerners
C. Northerners
D. Easterners
C. Northerners
What was the most controversial part of the Compromise of 1850?
the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
Fill in the blanks:
- Cause - The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was passed.
- Effect - Thousands of __________ African Americans fled to ________.
northern, Canada
After being provided the definition, name the term:
- Reopened the issue of slavery in territories
- Northerners were outraged
Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
Fill in the blanks:
Although Kansas had only ______ voters, nearly ______ votes were cast on election day. Both proslavery and antislavery settlers wanted to hold the __________ in the territory.
3,000, 8,000, majority
Provide the definition of the term:
James Buchanan
he was the Democrats’ candidate in the election of 1856
After being provided the definition, name the term:
slave that sued for his freedom and went all the way up to the Supreme Court
Dred Scott
What was the result of the Election of 1856?
The Democrat James Buchanan was elected
Fill in the blanks:
In the Election of 1856, although James Buchanan won, the Republican Party ran its first candidate, _______________. He won in ____ of the nation’s 16 free states, showing the emergence of the ____________ Party as a major political force.
John C. Frémont, 11, Republican
Why did Dred Scott claim he was no longer enslaved?
He had lived for an extended period in free territories (Illinois and the Wisconsin Territory) because his master was enlisted in the Army.
Complete the statement with the best available option:
… was a lawyer from Illinois that ran for the U.S. Senate in 1858 against Stephen Douglas.
A. John Brown
B. William Henry Harrison
C. Andrew Jackson
D. Abraham Lincoln
D. Abraham Lincoln
Provide the definition of the term:
Roger B. Taney
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in 1857
Fill in the chart:
What position did Stephen Douglas take on slavery?
He supported popular sovereignty, rather than the decision being made by Congress.
What was John Brown’s goal in launching the raid on Harpers Ferry?
To seize weapons from the U.S. army storage and distribute them to the slaves of the South, which he hoped would trigger a massive slave uprising
True or false? If false, correct the statement:
John Brown believed he could trigger a slave rebellion that would lead to the end of slavery across the country.
True
Why were Southerners shocked at the North’s reaction to John Brown’s hanging?
The North was celebrating a man who had attempted to incite a massive slave revolt
Fill in the blanks:
After the raid on _______________, Southerners were convinced that the North was out to destroy their way of ______.
Harpers Ferry, life
The famous painting titled “Tragic Prelude” was made by which artist?
John Stewart Curry in 1937
How did divisions among the Democrats help lead to the election of Republican Abraham Lincoln in 1860?
Divisions helped split the Democratic Party’s vote, weakening the party’s chance of being elected
Why did southern states secede from the Union?
They feared that Abraham Lincoln and the Republican Party’s opposition to the expansion of slavery threatened their voice in the national government
Why was Lincoln reluctant to give up Fort Sumter?
It would be seen as weakness and encourage more secession
Fill in the chart:
Was the Constitutional Union more popular in the North or South?
the South
Fill in the blank:
Although he did not receive a majority of the popular vote _________ received enough electoral votes to win the election.
Abraham Lincoln
After South Carolina seceded out of the Union, how many more states immediately (almost) followed?
six
There were seven original members of the Confederacy, and four more joined after the fall of Fort Sumter.
Chance to be bonus:
Where did the seven seceded states meet to form a new nation?
Montgomery, Alabama
Chance to be bonus:
How many states in total were part of the Confederacy?
11
Who was the President of Confederacy?
Jefferson Davis
"In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of... war. The government will not attack you...We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies."
Who most likely made this quote?
Abraham Lincoln
What were the two responses of seceding states to Lincoln’s message?
- They rejected Lincoln’s message
- They seized federal property within their borders
What was Lincoln’s plan to deal with the siege of Fort Sumter?
To send a supply ship with no guns so southerners wouldn’t think he was attacking them
What was South Carolina’s response to Lincoln’s plan with Fort Sumter?
They attacked the fort with artillery, killing the people inside, which started the Civil War
Complete the statement with the best available option:
The Supreme Court saw slaves as …
A. property
B. farmers
C. industrial machines
D. both A and B
A. property
True or false? If false, correct the statement:
Most historians agree that the start of the civil war was when Confederate forces fired on Fort Sumter.
big chance of being on test as question or bonus
True
Arrange the following events in chronological order:
- Missouri Compromise
- Compromise of 1850
- Kansas-Nebraska Act
- Harpers Ferry
- Fugitive Slave Act
- Dred Scott case
- Pottawatomie Massacre
- Wilmot Proviso
- Missouri Compromise (1820)
- Wilmot Proviso (1846)
- Compromise of 1850
- Fugitive Slave Act (1850, part of Compromise)
- Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
- Pottawatomie Massacre (1856)
- Dred Scott Case (1857)
- Harpers Ferry (1859)
Fill in the blank:
The spokesperson for the south was ________________.
John C. Calhoun
Who was the spokesperson for the north?
Daniel Webster
Who was the spokesperson for the West?
Stephen Douglas
Who wanted a transcontinental railroad through Kansas and Nebraska?
Stephen Douglas
Fill in the blanks:
_______________ was a Massachusetts senator and a leading abolitionist who was beat with a cane by _______________.
Charles Sumner, Preston Brooks
Sumner had delivered a speech in which he criticized and specifically attacked Senator Andrew Butler of South Carolina who support slavery. Preston Brooks was Butler’s cousin, so he took retaliation into his own hands.
Guaranteed bonus:
What was the nickname for rifles that were sent to anti-slavery settlers in Kansas by Henry Ward Beecher?
Beecher bibles
