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Pharmo Drugs Kim > Chapter 16 Phatho > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Phatho Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What is anatomic alterations of the lungs w/ pneumonia?
  2. Inflammation of the alveoli, alveolar consolidation, atelectasis.
  3. Infection is overwhelming, the alveoli become filled w/ fluid, RBC’s, leukocytes, and macrophages.
  4. COPD, asthma, smoke, heart disease, diabetes, or weakened immune system.
A
  1. Inflammation of the alveoli, alveolar consolidation, atelectasis.
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2
Q
  1. What is inflammation caused by?
  2. Infection is overwhelming, the alveoli become filled w/ fluid, RBC’s, leukocytes, and macrophages.
  3. Aspiration pneumonia
  4. Fluid and RBC’s move in the alveoli. leukocytes move in to engulf and kill invading bacteria. (white blood cells). macrophages appear to removed debris.
  5. Insidious : develops slowly and gradually.
A
  1. Fluid and RBC’s move in the alveoli. leukocytes move in to engulf and kill invading bacteria. (white blood cells). macrophages appear to removed debris.
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3
Q
  1. What is consolidation?
  2. Fluid and RBC’s move in the alveoli. leukocytes move in to engulf and kill invading bacteria. (white blood cells). macrophages appear to removed debris.
  3. COPD, asthma, smoke, heart disease, diabetes, or weakened immune system.
  4. If infection is overwhelming, the alveoli become filled w/ fluid, RBC’s, leukocytes, and macrophages
A
  1. If infection is overwhelming, the alveoli become filled w/ fluid, RBC’s, leukocytes, and macrophages
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4
Q
  1. What atelectasis can occur mainly w/?
  2. Aspiration pneumonia
  3. 6th leading cause of death for those over 65
  4. Cause approx. 50% of pneumonias
A
  1. Aspiration pneumonia
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5
Q
  1. Pneumonia and influenza combine are?
  2. 6th leading cause of death for those over 65
  3. 8th leading cause of death in USA
  4. Develops slowly and gradually.
A
  1. 8th leading cause of death in USA
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6
Q
  1. What is number of americans that die from pneumonia annually?
  2. 200
  3. 300
  4. 5700
  5. 50,000
A
  1. 50,000
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7
Q
  1. What pneumonia is especially threating if patient has?
  2. COPD, asthma, smoke, heart disease, diabetes, or weakened immune system.
  3. Usually diffuse and is commonly associated w/ infections w/ mycoplasma pneumonia or viruses.
  4. Inflammation of the alveoli, alveolar consolidation, atelectasis
A
  1. COPD, asthma, smoke, heart disease, diabetes, or weakened immune system.
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8
Q
  1. What Causes of pnuemonia?
  2. Mild case of pneumonia, patient remains ambulatory.
  3. Bacteria and virus is most common,
    fungi, protozoa, parasites, tuberculosis, anaerobic organism, aspiration, inhalation of irritant chemicals. (chlroine).
  4. Usually diffuse and is commonly associated w/ infections w/ mycoplasma pneumonia or viruses
A
  1. Bacteria and virus is most common, fungi, protozoa, parasites, tuberculosis, anaerobic organism, aspiration, inhalation of irritant chemicals. (chlroine).
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9
Q
  1. Pneumonia is what type of disease?
  2. Insidious : develops slowly and gradually.
  3. Limited to the segmental bronchi and surrounding lung parenchyma. usually involves both lungs, often in lower lobes.
  4. Usually diffuse and is commonly associated w/ infections w/ mycoplasma pneumonia or viruses
A
  1. Insidious : develops slowly and gradually.
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10
Q
  1. What pneumonia symptoms can?
  2. Limited to the segmental bronchi and surrounding lung parenchyma. usually involves both lungs, often in lower lobes
  3. vary greatly based on type of pneumonia and underlying cause, often presents like a cold or flu, early recognition and treatment is important.
A
  1. vary greatly based on type of pneumonia and underlying cause, often presents like a cold or flu, early recognition and treatment is important.
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11
Q
  1. What Bronchopneumonia etiology?
  2. Limited to the segmental bronchi and surrounding lung parenchyma. usually involves both lungs, often in lower lobes
  3. Community acquired pneumonia, pneumonia acquired from normal social contact.
A
  1. Limited to the segmental bronchi and surrounding lung parenchyma. usually involves both lungs, often in lower lobes
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12
Q
  1. What is Lobar pneumonia etiology?
  2. Limited to the segmental bronchi and surrounding lung parenchyma. usually involves both lungs, often in lower lobes
  3. Community acquired pneumonia, pneumonia acquired from normal social contact.
  4. Is often the end result of severe bronchopneumonia in which the infection spreads from one lung segment to another until the entire lobe is involved.
A
  1. Is often the end result of severe bronchopneumonia in which the infection spreads from one lung segment to another until the entire lobe is involved.
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13
Q
  1. What is Interstitial pneumonia etiology?
  2. Usually diffuse and is commonly associated w/ infections w/ mycoplasma pneumonia or viruses.
  3. vary greatly based on type of pneumonia and underlying cause, often presents like a cold or flu, early recognition and treatment is important.
  4. Usually diffuse and is commonly associated w/ infections w/ mycoplasma pneumonia or viruses
A
  1. Usually diffuse and is commonly associated w/ infections w/ mycoplasma pneumonia or viruses.
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14
Q
  1. What is double pneumonia?
  2. Aspiration pneumonia
  3. 6th leading cause of death for those over 65
  4. Involves both lungs
A
  1. Involves both lungs
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15
Q
  1. What is walking pneumonia?
  2. Aspiration pneumonia
  3. 6th leading cause of death for those over 65
  4. Mild case of pneumonia, patient remains ambulatory
  5. Cause approx. 50% of pneumonias
A
  1. Mild case of pneumonia, patient remains ambulatory
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16
Q
  1. What is it? CAP
  2. Community acquired pneumonia, pneumonia acquired from normal social contact.
  3. Community assistant pneumonia, that normal social contact.
  4. Community allowed pneumonia, free normal social contact.
A
  1. Community acquired pneumonia, pneumonia acquired from normal social contact.
17
Q
  1. What is CAP pneumonias?
  2. streptococcal pneumonia, staphylococcal pneumonia, haemophilus influenza, legionella pneumophila, enterobacteriaceae (klebsiella) pneumonia, pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  3. 6th leading cause of death for those over 65
  4. Mild case of pneumonia, patient remains ambulatory
  5. Cause approx. 50% of pneumonias
A
  1. streptococcal pneumonia, staphylococcal pneumonia, haemophilus influenza, legionella pneumophila, enterobacteriaceae (klebsiella) pneumonia, pseudomonas aeruginosa.
18
Q
  1. What is streptococcal pneumona?
  2. 6th leading cause of death for those over 65
  3. Accounts for 80% of call BACTERIAL pneumonias. 80 different types. transmitted via aerosol, cough, or sneeze. commonly cultured from patients w/ an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis.
  4. Mild case of pneumonia, patient remains ambulatory
  5. Cause approx. 50% of pneumonias
A
  1. Accounts for 80% of call BACTERIAL pneumonias. 80 different types. transmitted via aerosol, cough, or sneeze. commonly cultured from patients w/ an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis.
19
Q

What is Staphylococcus pneumonia (two types)?

  1. Aspiration pneumonia
  2. 6th leading cause of death for those over 65
  3. Cause approx. 50% of pneumonias
  4. Multiple resistant staph
A
  1. Multiple resistant staph
20
Q

Which of the following is also known as Friedlander’s bacillus?

a. Haemophilus Influenzae
b. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
c. Legionella pneumophila
d. Klebsiella

A

d

21
Q

Which of the following accounts for more than 80% of all the bacterial pneumonias?

a. Klebsiella pneumonia
b. Streptococcal pneumonia
c. Chlamydia pneumonia
d. Staphylococcal pneumonia

A

b

22
Q

Which of the following is associated with Q fever?

a. Mycoplasma
b. Rickettsia
c. Ornithosis
d. Varicella

A

b

23
Q

Mendelson’s syndrome is a term associated with which of the following?

a. Lipoid pneumonitis
b. Rubella
c. Varicella
d. Aspiration pneumonia

A

d.

24
Q

Which of the following is the most common viral pulmonary complication of AIDS?

a. Aspergillus
b. Cryptococcus
c. Pneumocysitis carinii
d. Cytomegalovirus

A

c.

25
Q

Which of the following infects almost all children by age two?

a. Klebsiella
b. Haemophilus Influenzae type B
c. Respiratory synctial virus (RSV)
d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

c

26
Q

Which of the following is almost always the cause of acute epiglottitis?

a. Haemophilus Influenzae type B
b. Klebsiella
c. Streptococcus
d. Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

a

27
Q

Which of the following related to mumps, rubella, and RSV?

a. Streptococcus
b. Parainfluenza virus
c. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
d. Adenovirus

A

c

28
Q

In the absence of a secondary bacterial infection, lung inflammation caused by the aspiration of gastric fluids usually becomes insignificant in approximately how many days?

a. 2 days
b. 3 days
c. 5 days
d. 7 days

A

b. 3 days

29
Q

Which of the following findings is/are associated with pneumonia?

  1. Decreased tactile and vocal fremitus
  2. Increased C(a-v)O2
  3. Decreased functional residual capacity (FRC)
  4. Increased vital capacity (VC)
    a. 1 only
    b. 3 only
    c. 2 and 4 only
    d. 1 and 3 only
A

b

30
Q

Which of the following is or are anaerobic organisms?

  1. Blastomyces
  2. Peptococcus
  3. Coccidioides immitis
  4. Bacteriodes
    a. 1 and 2 only
    b. 2 and 4 only
    c. 3 and 4 only
    d. 2, 3, and 4 only
A

b

31
Q

Which of the following is or are predisposing factors to the aspiration of gastrointestinal fluids (and anaerobes)?

  1. Seizure disorders
  2. Head trauma
  3. Alcoholic beverages
  4. General anesthesia
    a. 1 and 4 only
    b. 2 and 3 only
    c. 2, 3, and 4 only
    d. 1, 2, 3, and 4 only
A

d

32
Q

Which of the following is or are associated with the formation of lung abscess?

  1. Bullae or cysts that become infected
  2. Interstitial lung disease with cavity formation
  3. Bronchial obstruction with secondary cavitating infection
  4. Penetrating chest wounds that lead to an infection
    a. 1 only
    b. 3 only
    c. 2 and 4 only
    d. 1, 2, 3, and 4 only
A

d

33
Q

Anatomically, a lung abscess most commonly forms in which part(s) of the lung?

  1. Posterior segment of the upper lobe
  2. Lateral basal segment of the lower lobe
  3. Anterior segment of the upper lobe
  4. Superior segment of the lower lobe
    a. 1 only
    b. 3 only
    c. 1 and 4 only
    d. 2 and 3 only
A

c

34
Q

Which of the following pulmonary function findings may be associated with a severe and extensive lung abscess?

  1. Decreased FVC
  2. Increased PEFR
  3. Decreased RV
  4. Increased FRC
    a. 3 only
    b. 2 and 4 only
    c. 3 and 4 only
    d. 1 and 3 only
A

d

35
Q

Which of the following are known as the first stage of tuberculosis?

  1. Reinfection tuberculosis
  2. Primary tuberculosis
  3. Secondary tuberculosis
  4. Primary infection stage
    a. 2 only
    b. 3 only
    c. 1 and 3 only
    d. 2 and 4 only
A

d

36
Q

What is the name of the protective wall that surrounds and encases lung tissue infected with tuberculosis?

  1. Miliary tuberculosis
  2. Reinfection tuberculosis
  3. Granuloma
  4. Tubercle
    a. 1 only
    b. 3 only
    c. 4 only
    d. 3 and 4 only.
A

d

Pharmo Drugs Kim (23 decks)

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