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Biology 139 > Chapter 16 B > Flashcards

Chapter 16 B Flashcards

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0
Q

In adults the full blown hypothyroid syndrome is called??

A

Myxedema

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1
Q

What is the body’s major metabolic hormone?

A

Thyroid

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2
Q

A polypeptide hormone released by the parafollicular or C cells of the thyroid gland in the response to a rise in blood calcium

A

Calcitonin

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3
Q

What is the breakdown of glucagon to glucose?

A

Glycogenolysis

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4
Q

Tiny cell clusters that produces pancreatic hormones are

A

Pancreatic islets

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5
Q

Is a mixed gland composed of both endocrine and exocrine gland cells, located behind the stomach in the abdomen.

A

Pancreas

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6
Q

The male and female ___ produce steroid sex hormones

A

Gonads

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7
Q

An amine hormone derived from serotonin?

A

Melatonin

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8
Q

The tiny, pine cone shaped hangs from the roof of the third ventricle in the diencephalon. It’s major secretory product is melatonin?

A

Pineal gland

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9
Q

Influence the energy metabolism of most body cells and help us resist stressors also include cortisol

A

Glucocorticoids

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10
Q

The adrenal cortex synthesizes well over two dozen steroid hormones collectively called ___

A

Corticosteroids

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11
Q

Lower blood glucose levels

A

Insulin

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12
Q

The most potent moneralocorticoid? (Think sodium)

A

Aldosterone

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13
Q

A huge urine output that decreases blood volume and causes dehydration is ___

A

Polyuria

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14
Q

To regulate the electrolyte concentrations in extracellular fluids mainly potassium and sodium?

A

Mineralocorticoids

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15
Q

The most important hormone in calcium homeostasis?

A

Parathyroid hormone

16
Q

_____ _____ produce glucagon

A

Alpha cells

17
Q

_____ ______ produce insulin.

A

Beta cells

18
Q

Four to eight tiny glands embedded in the posterior aspect of the thyroid?

A

Parathyroid gland

19
Q

Pyramid shaped organ perched atop the kidneys, where they are enclosed in fibrous capsule and a cushion of fat

A

Adrenal gland

20
Q

The __ __ produce calcitonin

A

Parafollicular cells

21
Q

Several hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus and transported to the anterior pituitary gland. The mechanism of transportation from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary gland is through the _____ ______ ____

A

Hypophyseal portal system

22
Q

Hormone that helps the body avoid dehydration and water overload?

A

Antidiuretic hormone

23
Q

_____ is an essential element required for the synthesis of thyroxine.

A

Iodine

Biology 139 (10 decks)

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