Chapter 16

Question 0

_______ Occurs when more than one hormone produced the same effects at the target cell and their combined effects are amplified

Answer 0

Synergism

Question 1

Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids and that regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called ______

Answer 1

Hormones

Question 2

A strong stimulant of uterine contraction?

Answer 2

Oxytocin

Question 3

Prevents wide swings in water balance, helping the body avoid dehydration and water overload? (Water)

Answer 3

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 4

Which hormone targets bones and muscles?

Answer 4

Growth Hormone

Question 5

The __ __ is connected to the hypothalamus by nerves.

Answer 5

Posterior lobe (of pituitary gland)

Question 6

Which hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids that help the body to resist stressors?

Answer 6

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 7

_____occurs when one hormone opposes the action of another hormone?

Answer 7

Antagonism

Question 8

Stimulate milk production by the breasts?

Answer 8

Prolactin

Question 9

The ___ is composed of glandular tissue

Answer 9

Adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary)

Question 10

Stimuli causing endocrine glands to secrete their hormones in direct response to changing blood levels of certain critical ions and nutrients____

Answer 10

Humoral stimuli

Question 11

Hypersecretion in adults results in?…

Answer 11

Acromegaly

Question 12

A tropic hormone that stimulates normal development and secretory activity of the thyroid gland?

Answer 12

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 13

Produce hormones and lack ducts. Also called ductless glands.

Answer 13

Endocrine glands

Question 14

In circumstances where the body requires prolonged or increased levels of hormone, the DNA of target cells will specify the synthesis of more receptors on the surface of the cells of the target organ. This is known as _____

Answer 14

Up-regulation

Question 15

Tropic hormone that stimulates the gonads to secrete sex hormones?

Answer 15

Luteinizing hormone

Question 16

The neurohypophysis stores and releases 2 hypothalamic hormones what are they?_____

Answer 16

ADH, oxytocin

Question 17

Blood levels of hormones are controlled by?

Answer 17

Negative Feedback

Question 18

The action of cAMP degrades by what intracellular enzyme??

Answer 18

Phosphodiestrase

Question 19

____ ______ desensitizes the target cells so they respond less vigorously to hormonal stimulation, preventing them from overreacting to persistently high hormone levels.

Answer 19

Down regulation

Question 20

___ are chemicals that exert their effects on the same cells that secrete them

Answer 20

Autocrines

Question 21

__ __ hormones (steroids and thyroids) act on receptors inside the cells, which directly activate the gene.

Answer 21

Lipid-soluble hormones

Question 22

What has been called the “master endocrine gland”?

Answer 22

Pituitary gland

Question 23

_____ ______ hormones (all amnio acid based except thyroid) act on receptors in the plasma membrane

Answer 23

Water-soluble hormones

Question 24

Hormones that regulate the secretory action of other endocrine glands are called ____

Answer 24

Tropins