Chapter 16

Question 1

what factors make students more likely to drop out of high school?

Answer 1

bad schools, bad grades, economically disadvantaged backgrounds, no interest in school

Question 2

explanations for growing achievement gap

Answer 2

wealthier parents tend to invest more in their child’s cognitive development, increase in inequality, income is related to social resources, increased residential segregation based on income

Question 3

tracking

Answer 3

dividing students into groups receiving different instruction based on assumed similarities or attainment

Question 4

abstract attitudes

Answer 4

ideas that are consistent with mainstream societal views

Question 5

concrete attitudes

Answer 5

attitudes and ideas based on personal experience

Question 6

cultural navigators

Answer 6

people who draw from both their home culture and mainstream culture to create an attitude that allows them to succeed

Question 7

stereotype threat

Answer 7

the idea that when African American students believed they are being negatively judged for their race, they do worse on tests

Question 8

stereotype promise

Answer 8

the idea that when people are viewed through a positive stereotype, it enhances their performance

Question 9

information poverty

Answer 9

the state of people who have little access to information technology, such as computers