Chapter 16 Flashcards
kinship
the connections family members have, part of every family
families of orientation
families into which individuals are born
families of procreation
families individuals initiate through marriage, cohabitation or having children
matrilocal
family system where husband lives near wive’s parents1
patrilocal
family system where wife is expected to live near husband’s parents
polygyny
type of polygamy, man is simultaneously married to more than one wife
polyandry
type of polygamy, less common, women have multiple husbands simultaneously
functionalist view of families
families perform important tasks contributing to the order of society including personality stabilization and primary socialization. Advocates for nuclear family, doesn’t acknowledge same-sex couples, neglects role of social institutions, neglected deviant forms of family
symbolic interactions view of families
aspects of family shape one another over time, partner who is less interested has more power and often exploits it, places too much emphasis on cooperation adn concensus, tells us what is happening but not why, doesn’t address gender differences
feminist approach to family
traditional fmaily setup can be damaging to wives because of the endless cycle of child care and house work, family can serve as a place of gender oppression
affective individualism
the belief of romantic attachment as a basis for contracting marriage ties
explanations for increase in marriage age
- increase is cohabitation of younger people who are not yet married
- increased higher level education, especially in women
which ethnicity has the highest interracial marriage rate?
native american
native american family characteristics
how rate of unmarried births, low age of first birth, high value of kinship
Hispanic and latino family characteristics
high birth rates, multigenerational families, want the nuclear family model but it is often necessary for th ewife to work, migration often separates families(except puerto ricans), puerto ricans are the most economically disadvantaged and have highest rate of unmarried births, consensual unions have grown common for puerto ricans, cubans have low fertility rates
African American family characteristics
less likely to marry, high rates of unmarried births, less likely to marry after nonmarital birth,
Asian American family trends
large amount of interdependence of family, family concerns are more important than individual concerns, lowest fertility rates, emphasize marriage
reasons why lower income people tend to have more children
- Lower income people tend to be more confident in their ability to raise children
- Poor people place a very high value on children because they don’t have as much access to other things top make life meaningful
- Standards for marrying have increased
reasons for increased divorce
- changes in laws make divorce easier
- marriage is less about status due to increased independence of women
- people value a happy marriage and not settling more now
common effects of divorce on children
- almost all children experience a period of emotional upset during and right after the divorce
- most resume normal development within 2 years of the divorce
- most children do NOT experience long term issues due to the divorce
social selection explanation
cohabitation isn’t linked to divorce, it is up to the couple, types of people who cohabit differ from others, more supported by evidence
social causation explanation
living together erodes belief in marriage
