Chapter 16 Flashcards
Herzberg 2-factor theory
1) Satisfier Factor
2) Hygiene Factor
Satisfier Factor
Found in job content, such as challenging and exciting work, recognition, responsibility, advancement opportunities, or personal growth
Hygiene Factor
Found in job context, such as working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and compensation
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Lower level needs should be met before progressing on to meet higher level needs
2 Order of Needs from Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
1) Lower-order needs
2) Higher-order needs
Lower-Order Needs
Physiological, safety, and social needs in Maslow’s hierarchy
Higher-Order Needs
Esteem and self-actualization needs in Maslow’s hierarchy
Progression Principal
A need isn’t activated until the next lower-level need is satisfied
Deficit Principal
A satisfied need does not motivate behavior
5 Alternative Work Arrangements
1) Flexible Working Hours
2) Compressed Workweek
3) Job Sharing
4) Telecommuting
5) Contingency Workers
Flexible Working Hours
Give employees some choice in daily work hours
Compressed Workweek
Allows a full-time job to be completed in less than five days
Job Sharing
Splits one full-time job between two or more persons
Telecommuting
Involves a portion of scheduled work hours to be completed outside of the office
Contingency Workers
Employed on a part-time and temporary basis to supplement a permanent workforce
Job Enlargement
Increases task variety by combining into one job two or more tasks previously done by separate workers
Job Enrichment
Increases job depth by adding work planning and evaluating duties normally performed by the supervisor
Equity Theory
When people believe that they have been treated unfairly in comparison to others, they try to eliminate the discomfort and restore a perceived sense of equity to the situation
Expectancy Theory
Motivation = Instrumentality x Valence
Expectancy
A person’s belief that working hard will result in high task performance
Instrumentality
A person’s belief that various outcomes will occur as a result of task performance
Valence
The value a person assigns to work-related outcomes
What does ERG theory stand for?
Existence
Relatedness
Growth
The 3 parts to ERG theory
1) Existence needs
2) Relatedness needs
3) Growth needs
Existence needs
Desires for physical well-being/basic needs
Relatedness needs
Desires for good interpersonal relationships
Growth needs
Desires for personal growth and development
McClelleand motivation theory
People acquire needs through their life experiences
3 Needs Aquired in McClelleand motivation theory
1) Need for Achievement
2) Need for Power
3) Need for Affilitation
Need for Achievement
The desire to do something better, to solve problems, or to master complex tasks
Need for Power
The desire to control, influence, or be responsible for other people
Need for Affiliation
The desire to establish and maintain good relations with people
Acquired Power Theory
Need for Power Theory
The desire to control, influence, be responsible for other people
Vertical Loading
Moves planning and controlling in from above
Horizontal Loading
Move tasks in from earlier in workflow