Chapter 16 Flashcards
How is aging related to life expectancy in Canada?
Aging is associated with decreased cell function and organ reserve.
Canadians are living longer, but the time spent living with disability varies due to lifestyle, healthcare access, and genetics.
How do energy needs change in older adults?
Decrease due to reduced activity and muscle mass, but macronutrient recommendations for fat, protein, and carbohydrates remain the same as for younger adults.
What are the main causes of aging?
Programmed cell death, wear and tear, genetic factors, environmental influences, and lifestyle choices.
What are key micronutrients for older adults?
Important nutrients include protein, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin B-12, zinc, antioxidants, fiber, and water.
What are fluid recommendations for older adults?
Men: 3.7 L/day
Women: 2.7 L/day
Older adults are more prone to dehydration due to reduced thirst sensitivity and lower anti-diuretic hormone production.
What factors increase the risk of malnutrition in seniors?
Physiological changes, illnesses, fixed incomes, social isolation, depression, and reduced interest in cooking or eating.
What are key hydration and fitness guidelines for seniors?
Stay hydrated, engage in regular physical activity, and maintain a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients.
Can food affect medication effectiveness?
Yes, examples include:
Tetracycline (avoid with milk)
Lipitor (action blocked by grapefruit)
Vitamin K (affects anticoagulants)
Alcohol (interacts with many medications)
How can you become a dietitian?
Obtain a 4-year bachelor’s degree in Foods and Nutrition, complete a 1-year supervised internship, and register with a provincial dietetics organization.
What are the protected titles for Dietitians in Alberta?
Registered Dietitian (RD), Registered Nutritionist, Provisional Dietitian, Dietetic Intern.
Clinical Dietitian:
Provides medical nutrition therapy in hospitals and nursing homes.
Management Dietitian:
Oversees large-scale meal planning, hiring, and food service operations.
Community Dietitian:
Develops nutrition programs for health promotion and disease prevention.
Corporate Dietitian:
Works in food manufacturing, marketing, and media.
Consultant Dietitian:
Provides personalized nutrition advice in private practice or under contract.
