Chapter 10 Flashcards
What is the composition of body fluids?
Consist of water (50–70% of the body), electrolytes, and solutes.
Function of body fluids
Transporting oxygen and nutrients (blood and urine)
Regulating body temperature, Blood volume and Pressure
Lubricating tissues
* Cerebrospinal fluid
* Amniotic fluid
* Synovial fluid
* Digestive secretions
Removing waste
What are the body fluid compartments?
Intracellular Fluid (ICF), Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
Intracellular Fluid (ICF)
Inside cells;
high in (K⁺) and protein
low in (Na⁺) and (Cl⁻).
Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
Outside cells;
includes interstitial fluid, lymph, and blood plasma
High in (Na+) and (Cl-)
low in (K+).
How does the body maintain fluid balance?
Gain, Loss, and Regulation
Gain
Through beverages, food, and metabolic water (10–14% daily needs).
Loss
Via urine, sweat, breathing, and feces.
Influenced by environment, Exercise, injury/illness, pregancy and diuretics
Regulation
Thirst mechanism, Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (regulation of blood pressure)
Why do Canadians use bottled water, and what are the safety standards?
Canadians prefer bottled water for better taste and perceived safety
what are the safety standards for Bottled Water?
Regulations ensure it meets quality standards, though environmental concerns about plastic use remain.
What nutrients act as electrolytes?
Sodium (Na⁺), Potassium (K⁺), Chloride (Cl⁻), Calcium (Ca²⁺), and Magnesium (Mg²⁺).
What are the primary functions of fluids in the body?
- Transport substances (e.g., in blood and urine).
- Regulate blood volume and pressure.
- Maintain body temperature (e.g., via sweat).
- Protect and lubricate tissues (e.g., cerebrospinal fluid, amniotic fluid, synovial fluid).
What triggers the thirst mechanism in the body?
Increased plasma osmolality or decreased blood volume triggers the hypothalamus to stimulate thirst.
Sodium (Na+) purpose of fluid in body
Fluid balance, nerve transmission, muscle contraction.
