Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Prehospital Emergency Care > Chapter 15 - Shock And Resuscitation > Flashcards

Chapter 15 - Shock And Resuscitation Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
0
Q

What is inadequate volume?

A

A decrease of blood volume, which will decrease the preload, which will cause the stroke volume and cardiac output to fall, which will cause the systolic blood pressure to fall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is shock?

A

Inadequate tissue perfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is inadequate pump function?

A

When the heart does not generate enough force to move the necessary amount of blood through out the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is inadequate vessel tone?

A

When the vessels size increases because of massive vasodilation, the resistance decreases and the blood pressure and perfusion Olson decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is hypovolemic shock?

A

Shock that is caused from a low volume of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most common cause of hypovolemic shock?

A

Hemorrhage - the loss of whole blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is distributive shock?

A

A decrease in the inter vascular volume caused by massive systemic vasodilation and an increase in capillary permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 5 categories of shock?

A

Hypovolemic, distributive, obstructive, cardiogenic

Metabolic/respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the types of hypovolemic shock?

A

Hemorrhagic

Non hemorrhagic, burn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the types of distributive shock?

A

Septic
Neurogenic
Anaphylactic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the types of obstructive shock?

A

Pulmonic embolism
Pericardial tamponade
Tension pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the types of cardiogenic shock?

A

MI, CHF
Beta blockers, calcium channel blockers
Abnormal rhythm
Depressed pump function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the types of metabolic/respiratory shock?

A

CO2, oxygen diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is cardiogenic shock?

A

Caused by ineffective pump function, usually when more than 40 percent of the left ventricle has been lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is obstructive shock?

A

Condition when blood is obstructed from moving forward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is anaphylactic shock?

A

When chemical mediators are released that cause massive and systemic vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is septic shock?

A

Infection that releases bacteria or toxins in the blood, causing the vessels to dilate and become permeable

17
Q

What is neurogenic shock?

A

A spinal cord injury that damages the sympathetic nerve fibers that control the vessel tone

18
Q

What is cardiogenic shock?

A

Depressed pumping functions of the heart that reduces the stroke volume, cardiac output, systolic blood pressure and perfusion

19
Q

What is direct nerve stimulation?

A

When shock occurs, the sympathetic nervous system is activated and tries to restore normal blood pressure

20
Q

What is compensatory shock?

A

When the body is able to adjust and maintain near normal blood pressure and perfusion to vital organs

21
Q

What is decompensatory shock?

A

An advanced stage of shock where the body is no longer able to maintain blood pressure and perfusion to vital organs

22
Q

What is irreversible shock?

A

The stage at which, regardless of intervention, the patient outcome is death

23
Q

What is the lower blood pressure limit for a child less than 10 dealing with shock?

A

Systolic blood pressure of 70 plus two times the age is the lower limit of normal

24
Q

What does resuscitation mean?

A

Bringing the patient back from potential or apparent death

25
Q

What is sudden death?

A

When the patient dies within 1 hour of the onset of the signs and symptoms

26
Q

How long before the brain has irreversible changes due to cardiac arrest?

A

4 to 6 minutes

27
Q

What is the electric phase of shock?

A

Begins immediately upon cardiac arrest thru 4 minutes, the heart still has a good supply of oxygen and glucose and aerobic metabolism is maintained

28
Q

What is circulatory phase of shock?

A

From 4 to 10 minutes after onset, oxygen stores have been depleted and the body shifts to anaerobic metabolism

29
Q

What is the metabolic phase of shock?

A

After 10 minutes of onset, the heart is starved of oxygen and the body has a huge buildup of acid. Chances of survival drop dramatically

30
Q

What is downtime?

A

The time the patient goes into cardiac arrest until CPR is performed

31
Q

What is total downtime?

A

The total time from onset of cardiac arrest until the patient is delivered to the ER

32
Q

What is ROSC?

A

Return of spontaneous circulation

33
Q

What is considered survival?

A

When a cardiac arrest patient is able to leave the hospital

34
Q

What is the adult chain of survival?

A 
Immediate recognition and activation 
Early CPR
Rapid defibrillation 
Effective advanced life support
Integrated post cardiac arrest care
35
Q

What is the compression rate during CPR?

A

100 per minute

30 compressions to 2 ventilations

36
Q

What is ventricular fibrillation?

A

Disorganized cardiac rhythm that produce no pulse or cardiac output

37
Q

What is ventricular tachycardia?

A

A very fast heart rhythm that is generated in the ventricle instead of the sinoatrial node in the atrium

38
Q

What is asystole?

A

The absence of electrical activity and pumping action in the heart
aka - flat line

39
Q

What is PEA?

A

Pulseless electrical activity, the heart has an organized rhythm but the heart does not respond or there is nothing to pump

Prehospital Emergency Care (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions