Chapter 15 - Serous Fluid Flashcards
The fluid between parietal and visceral membranes
Serous fluid
Fxn of serius fluid: to provide ____ between the 2 membranes as the surfaces move against each other
Lubrication
Accumulation of fluid bet membranes
Effusion
Effusion may be classified as ___ or ____
Exudate or transudate
Effusion that is caused by a direct dmg to the membrane of a particular cavity
Exudate
Effusion that is caused by a disruption of fluid production and regulation bet membranes
Transudate
Transudate may be caused by changes in ____ pressure and ____ pressure
Hydrostatic or oncotic
Identify whether the ff are transudate or exudate
- Congestive heart failure
- Malignancy
- Hypoproteinemia
- Inflammation
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Infection
- Liver cirrhosis
- Malnutrition
- Empyema
- T
- E
- T
- E
- T
- E
- T
- T
- E
Identify whether the ff transudate have inc oncotic pressure, dec OP, inc hydrostatic pressure or dec HP
- Congestive heart failure
- Hypoproteinemia
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Dec OP
- Inc HP
- Dec OP
Transudate vs exudate
- Appearance
- Fluid:serum protein ratio
- Fluid:serum LD ratio
- WBC ct
- Spontaneous clotting
- Pleural fluid chole
- Pleural fluid:serum chole ratio
- Pleural fluid:bilirubin ratio
- Serum-ascites albumin gradient
- Glucose
- Protein
- Rivalta’s test
- Clear;cloudy
- <0.5;>0.5
- <0.6;>0.6
- <1000/uL;>1000/uL
- No;possible
- <45-60;>45-60
- <0.3;>0.3
- <0.6;>0.6
- > /=1.1;<1.1
- Equal to serum;possible low
- <3.0;>3.0
- Neg;pos
Other name for rivalta’s test
Serosamucin clot test
Positive rxn for Rivalta’s test
Heavy precipitation
Recommended test to detect transudate of hepatic origin
SAAG
Most reliable tests for diff trans from exu
Fluid:serum protein ratio and fluid:serum LD ratio
How to get SAAG value
Serum albumin minus peritoneal fluid albumin