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Analysis of Urine and Other Body Fluids > Chapter 1 - Safety in the Laboratory > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Safety in the Laboratory Flashcards

1
Q

Potentially harmful microorganisms

A

Biological hazard

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2
Q

The chain of infection requires a continuous link between:

A

Source, mode transmission, susceptible host

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3
Q

6 components of the chain of infection

A

Infectious agent, reservoir, exit, means of transmission, entry portal, susceptible host

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4
Q

The best way to break the chain of infection

A

Handwashing

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5
Q

What is the primary method of infection transmission?

A

Hand contact

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6
Q

PPE stands for?

A

Personal protective equipment

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7
Q

When hands are visibly soiled, then…

A

Wash hands with soap and water

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8
Q

When hands are not visibly soiled then…

A

Apply alcohol based hand-rub (ex: sanitizer)

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9
Q

Handwashing procedure: wet hands with _____ water.

A

Warm

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10
Q

The most important part of handwashing.

A

Friction

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11
Q

Handwashing procedure: thoroughly clean between fingers, including thumbs, under fingernails and rings, and up to the wrist for at least _______. (How long?)

A

15 seconds

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12
Q

Handwashing procedure: hands are rinsed in what position?

A

Downward

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13
Q

Handwashing procedure: turn off faucets with ____ to prevent recontamination.

A

Clean paper towel

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14
Q

What is the handwashing song?

A

Happy birthday song

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15
Q

The handwashing song should be sung how many times?

A

Twice

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16
Q

All biological waste, except _____, must be placed in appropriate containers labeled with the _____ symbol.

A

Urine; biohazard symbol

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17
Q

The accepted biohazard label is colored ______.

A

Fluorescent orange

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18
Q

Where and how would you discard urine?

A

Pour urine into a lab sink, avoid splashing and then flush with water.

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19
Q

Disinfection of the sink using a _____ should be performed every _____.

A

Use 1:5 or 1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite, everyday / daily

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20
Q

How is a 1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite prepared?

A

Add 1 part sodium hypochlorite to 9 parts of water

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21
Q

The 1:10 diluted sodium hypochlorite solution is effective for how long?

A

For 1 month

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22
Q

Describe the biohazard symbol.

A

Three circles overlapping each other.

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23
Q

Symbol for sharp hazards

A

Biohazard

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24
Q

Symbol for sharp hazard (if biohazard is not on the choices)

A

Syringe with diagonal lines

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25
Where do you dispose sharps?
Puncture-resistant containers (red)
26
The best method of radioactive waste disposal is to store the used radioactive material in a locked, marked room until the background count is down to _____ half-lives for radioiodine.
10
27
Symbol for chemical hazards pr poisons
Skull with crossed bone
28
Best first aid if a chemical spilled on your skin
Flush the area with water
29
When a chemical spilled on your skin, flush the area with water for at least _____ (how long?)
15 minutes
30
Can you neutralize an acid spilled on the floor?
Yes
31
Can you neutralize an acid spilled on your skin?
No
32
Always add _____ to ______. A. Water to acid B. Acid to water
B. Acid to water
33
Draw the NFPA hazardous material classification symbol.
You Were Born Right.
34
NFPA stands for?
National Fire Protection Association
35
What is the color of the quadrant where Reactivity / Stability Hazard in the NFPA chemical hazard Identification system belong?
Yellow
36
What is the color of the quadrant where flammability hazard in the NFPA chemical hazard Identification system belong?
Red
37
What is the color of the quadrant where health hazard in the NFPA chemical hazard Identification system belong?
Blue
38
What is the color of the quadrant where specific hazard in the NFPA chemical hazard Identification system belong?
White
39
In the yellow quadrant (NFPA chemical hazard ID system) what does the grade 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 indicate?
``` 0 - Stable 1 - Unstable if heated 2 - Violent chemical change 3 - Shock & heat may deteriorate 4 - May deteriorate ```
40
In the blue quadrant (NFPA chemical hazard ID system) what does the grades 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mean?
``` 0 - normal material 1 - slightly hazardous 2 - hazardous 3 - extreme danger 4 - deadly ```
41
In the red quadrant (NFPA chemical hazard ID system) what does the grades 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mean?
``` 0 - will not burn 1 - above 200 degrees Fahrenheit 2 - below 200 degrees Fahrenheit 3 - below 100 degrees Fahrenheit 4 - below 73 degrees Fahrenheit ```
42
In the degree of hazards (hazards index), what does the grades 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 mean?
``` 0 - no or minimal hazard 1 - slight hazard 2 - moderate hazard 3 - serious hazard 4 - extreme or severe hazard ```
43
All electrical equipment is grounded in a ______ to avoid electric shock.
Three-pronged plug
44
If electrical shock occurs to another person what would you do?
Turn off the circuit breaker, unplug the equipment, move the equipment using a nonconductive glass or wood object
45
Flammable chemicals should be stored in safety cabinets and _____ in a remote area.
Explosion-proof refrigerators
46
What does the acronym RACE stands for?
Rescue Alarm Contain Extinguish / Evacuate
47
What does the acronym PASS stand for?
Pull the pin Aim at the base of the fire Squeeze handles Sweep nozzle side to side
48
Ordinary combustibles like paper, cloth, rubbish, plastic and wood belong to which fire type?
A
49
What is the extinguisher for fire type A?
Water
50
Electrical equipment and motor switches belong to what type of fire?
C
51
What is the recommended extinguisher for type C fire?
Halon
52
Detonation or arsenal fires belong to which type of fire?
E
53
Extinguisher for type E fires
Allowed to burn out and nearby materials protected
54
What type of hazards belong to type K fires?
Cooking media: grease, oils, fats
55
What extinguisher is known as multipurpose?
Dry chemical
56
Dry chemical can extinguish which type/s of fire?
A, B, C
57
Carbon dioxide can extinguish which types of fire?
B, C
58
Halon can extinguish which types of fire?
B, C
59
Flammable metals like mercury, magnesium, sodium and lithium belong to which type of fire?
D
60
What is used to extinguish type D fires?
Sand
61
Metal X extinguishes which fire type?
D
62
Flammable liquids like grease, gasoline, paints and oils belong to which type of fire?
B
63
Disinfection eliminates many or all pathogenic microorganisms, except _____.
Bacterial spores
64
True/False: Empty urine containers can be discarded as nonbiologically hazardous waste.
True
65
For alkali/acid burns in the eye, wash out eye thoroughly with running water for ____ minutes.
15
66
Which types of fire should be handled by trained personnel only?
D, E
67
The most common all-purpose extinguisher.
Dry chemical extinguishers (A, B, C)
68
_____ hazards are work related and include strain due to repeated positions.
Ergonomic
69
Hazards due to extremely low temperatures
Cryogenic hazards
70
Hazards that include centrifuges, refrigerators, autoclaves, homogenizers and glasswares.
Mechanical hazards

Analysis of Urine and Other Body Fluids (18 decks)

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