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Abnormal Psychology > Chapter 15 - Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 15 - Personality Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

disorders marked by problems forming a stably positive sense of self and with sustaining close and constructive friendships

A

Personality disorders

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2
Q

Preoccupation with order, perfection, and control

A

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

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3
Q

Grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy

A

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

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4
Q

Cognitive distortions, disorganized and eccentric behavior, and lack of capacity for close relationships, suspiciousness

A

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

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5
Q

Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

A

Avoidant personality disorder

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6
Q

Disregard for and violation of the rights of others

A

Antisocial personality disorder

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7
Q

Instability of interpersonal relationships, self-images and affect as well as marked impulsivity

A

Borderline personality disorder

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8
Q

Distrust and suspiciousness of others (not in DSM5)

A

Paranoid pd

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9
Q

Detachment from social relationships and restricted range of emotional expression (not in DSM5)

A

schizoid pd

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10
Q

Ecessive emotionality and attention seeking (not in DSM5)

A

Histrionic pd

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11
Q

Submissive behavior, fears of separation, and excessive need to be taken care of

A

Dependent pd

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12
Q

Concerns with DSM IV TR

A

Overlap –> dimensional personality

common

better fit –> dimensions

target personality traits

stability

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13
Q

3 types of personality ratings

A

levels of personality scale

six personality disorder types

five personality trait domain ratings

+

25 facet ratings to describe 5 trait domains

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14
Q

2 types of impairment that were important in levels of personality functioning

A

disturbances in one’s sense of self

chronic interpersonal disturbances

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15
Q

label for those who seem to have a personality disorder but does not match the types

A

personality disorder trait specified

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16
Q

experience of oneself as unique, with clear doundaries between self and others

stability of self-esteem and accuracy of self-appraisal

capacity for and ability to regulate a range of emotional experience

A

self identity

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17
Q

pursuit of coherent and meaningful short-term and life goals

utilization of constructive and prosocial internal standards of behavior

ability to self-reflect productively

A

self-direction

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18
Q

comprehension and appreciation of other’s experiences and motivations

tolerance of differing perspectives

understanding of the effect of own behavior on others

A

interpersonal empathy

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19
Q

Depth and duration of positive connections with others

desire and capacity for closeness

mutuality of regard reflected in interpersonal behavior

A

Interpersonal intimacy

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20
Q

Scale of degree of impairment in self and interpersonal functioning

A

0 no impairment

1 mild

2 moderate

serious

4 extreme impairment

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21
Q

Issues in criteriafor personality disorder

A

Cultural context

stable personality characteristics

consider pervasive problems

22
Q

Perfectionist, preoccupied with the details, rules and schedules

pay so much attention to detailthat they fail to finish projects

more oriented toward work than pleasure

control freaks

inordinate difficulty making decisions and allocating time

A

obsessive compulsive personality disorder

23
Q

DSM 5 OCPD

A

compulsivity - rigid perfectionism

negative affectivity - perseveration

24
Q

DSM 5 Narcissistic PD

A

antagonism - grandiosity and attention seeking

25
Q

Parenting dimensions that increase risk of neuroticism

A

emotional coldness

overemphasis of the child’s achievements

26
Q

Carolyn Morf

Frederick Rhodewalt

A

people with NPD have fragile self esteem because they are trying to maintain the belief that they are special

interpersonal interactions are important to them for bolstering self esteem, rather than for gaining closeness or warmth

captive to the goal of maintaining a grand vision of themselves. goal pervades their experiences

27
Q

DSM 5 Schizotypal PD

A

Psychoticism

Detachment

Negative affectivity

28
Q

taijin kyofusho

A

interpersonal fear JAPAN

29
Q

eccentricity, cognitive and perceptual dysregulation, unusual beliefs and experiences

A

psychoticism

30
Q

restricted affectivity and withdrawal

A

detachment

31
Q

characterized by suspiciousness

A

negative affectivity

32
Q

DSM 5 Avoidant Personality Disorder

A

Detachment (withdrawal, intimacy avoidance, anhedonia)

Negative affectivity

33
Q

DSM 5 Antisocial PD

A

Antagonism (manipulativeness, deceitfulness, callousness, hostility)

Disinhibition (irresponsibility, impulsivity and risk taking)

34
Q

key characteristic is poverty of emotions, both positive nad negative

no sense of shame

superficially charming for personal gain

A

psychopathy

35
Q

most commonly used scale to assess psychopathy

includes juvenile delinquency, criminality, impulsivity, irresponsibility, superficial charm,, pathological lying, manipulativeness, lack of remorse, shallow affect, and lack of empathy

A

Psychopathy Checklist-revised

36
Q

social predictors of antisocial behavior

A

high negativity, low warmth, parental inconsistency

37
Q

lack of response to threats when pursuing potential rewards

A

impulsivity

38
Q

being in tune with the emotional reactions of others

A

empathy

39
Q

brain structure active for empathy

A

ventromedial prefrontal cortex

40
Q

DSM Borderline PD

A

Negative affectivity (emotional lability, anxiousness, separation insecurity, depressivity)

Disinhibition (impulsivity, risk taking)

Antagonism (hostility)

41
Q

Neurobio factors of BPD

A

low serotonin funcition

heightened amygdala activation

low levels of activity and structural changes in pf cortex (exp anterior cingulate cortex)

42
Q

theory that proposes that BPD develops when people who have difficulty controlling their emotions because of a biological diathesis are raised in a family environment that is invalidating

A

Marsha Linehan’s Diathesis-Stress Theory

43
Q

2 hypothesized factors in Linehan’s Diathesis-Stress Theory

A

Emotional dysregulation

invalidation

44
Q

Psychodynamic therapist aim

A

alter patient’s present-day views of childhood problems assumed to underlie personality disorders

45
Q

Cognitive therapy

A

aaron beck

challenge cognitions

46
Q

Treatments Psychotypal PD

A

antipsychotic drugs

antidepressants

47
Q

Treatment Avoidant PD

A

antidepressants

cognitive behavioral treatment

social skills training

systematic desensitization

cognitive therapy

48
Q

Treatment BPD

A

Dialectical Behaviro Therapy

Mentalization Based Therapy

Schema-Focused Cognitive Therapy

49
Q

Dialectic Behavior Therapy

A

accept but help change

synthesis of opposites

50
Q

4 stages of DBT

A

Address dangerously impoulsive behaviors (promote control)

Learn to modulte extreme emotionality

Improve relationships and self esteem

promote connectedness and happiness

51
Q

Mentalization Based Therapy

A

mentalization: think about own and other’s feelings

52
Q

Therapists and patient work to identify maladaptive assumptions that a client holds about relationships

A

Schema-focused cognitive therapy

Abnormal Psychology (13 decks)

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