Chapter 15: Emotion Regulation

Question 1

Emotion regulation

Answer 1

strategies used to control which emotions a person experiences, when they experience them, and how intense

Question 2

Coping

Answer 2

attempts to reduce negative emotions

Question 3

Valiant categories for Freud’s Defense Mechanisms

Answer 3

psychotic
neurotic
mature
immature

Question 4

Psychotic Defense Mechanisms

Answer 4

disconnection with reality
- denial

Question 5

Neurotic Defense Mechanisms

Answer 5

relieves anxiety but doesn’t deal with the issue
- displacement
- intellectualisation
- reaction formation
- repression

Question 6

Immature Defense Mechanisms

Answer 6

inaccurate interpretations/implausible solutions
- projection, fantasy

Question 7

Mature Defense Mechanisms

Answer 7

promote constructive and pro-social behaviour
- sublimation
- suppression

Question 8

Gross’s Process Model of Emotion Regulation

Answer 8

assumption of a certain flow from experience, attention, appraisal, emotional feelings, and response
- situation-focused
- cognition-focused
- response-focused

Question 9

Situation-Focused Strategies (2)

Answer 9

• situation selection
• situation modification

Question 10

Psychological inoculation

Answer 10

practicing mild versions of. stressor to facilitate preparatory behaviours and a positive attitude for well-being

Question 11

Chilean Mapuche Study

Answer 11

when children are upset, they hug an araucaria tree; they become calm!

Question 12

Cognition-Focused Strategies (2)

Answer 12

• attentional control
• distraction
• cognitive reappraisal
• cognitive restructuring

Question 13

Ayduk’s Study

Answer 13

remember when you were rejected?? try to remember the wall colour lmao

Question 14

Cognitive reappraisal

Answer 14

thinking about an event/stimulus in a different way to change the emotional response to it

Question 15

Cognitive restructuring

Answer 15

changing the way one thinks about larger emotional issues/recurring situations

Question 16

Cognitive Reappraisal Warning!!

Answer 16

When you have control, this is associated with poorer psych outcomes!!

Question 17

Positive Appraisal

Answer 17

seeing the good in a bad situation
- resilient people report using this strat more than the other groups

Question 18

Russians vs Americans

Answer 18

• reinterpretation and distance made the experience less distressing for Russians

Question 19

Categories of Cognitive Reappraisal (5)

Answer 19

• detached
• positive
• humour
• perspective taking
• forgiveness

Question 20

Response-Focused Strategies (6)

Answer 20

• drugs, food, alcohol
• suppression
• catharsis
• rumination
• relaxation
• exercise

Question 21

Emotional Labor

Answer 21

service with a smile
- causes errors
- activation of amygdala and insula

Question 22

Suppression

Answer 22

linked with divorce and heart disease!!
not really good lol
Gross’s leg amputation study
Srivastava’s study on college students

Question 23

Executive control

Answer 23

effortful control over thoughts and attention

Question 24

Biology of Emotional Regulation

Answer 24

• prefrontal cortex is very active
• decreased activation of right amygdala and hypothalamus
• reappraisal activates seconds after a stimulus, but suppression is delayed

Question 25

Emotional Social Support

Answer 25

how a social network can provide support

Question 26

Instrumental Support

Answer 26

how your social network can benefit you by doing or offering x (not same as emotional support, more like problem solving)

Question 27

Social Identity Theory

Answer 27

social identity
in or outgroup?
optimum distinctiveness

Question 28

Optimum Distinctiveness

Answer 28

to be different enough that one isn’t mistaken for someone in the outgroup
- sometimes includes dropping things the outgroup adopts

Question 29

Intergroup emotions

Answer 29

can be attitudinal (long-term) or short term
- don’t always affect the individual
- independent from personal emotions
- regulating group-relevant behaviour
- intergroup comparisons (satisfied or dissatisfied)

Question 30

Hatred

Answer 30

most associated with the appraisal of the other as stably malevolent, immoral, and malicious
- has the action tendencies to harm/annihilate physically, mentally, socially

Question 31

Interpersonal hatred

Answer 31

hatred between people in close relationships, and it tends to linger

Question 32

Intergroup Hatred

Answer 32

requires clear distinctions between in and outgroup, and is often subjected to a negative feedback loop between hatred and homogeneity

Question 33

Spreading Hate

Answer 33

• interpersonal sharing
• collective victimhood
• personal contact not necessary