chapter 15 autonomic

Question 1

sympathetic division

Answer 1

prepares body for physical activity: fight-or-flight

Question 2

parasympathetic division

Answer 2

resting and digesting state; digestion and waste elimination

Question 3

parasympathetic tone

Answer 3

maintains smooth muscle tone in intestines

Question 4

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short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers

Answer 4

sympathetic division has relatively…

Question 5

every level of the body

Answer 5

sympathetic nerve fibers are distributed to…

Question 6

3 cervical, 11 thoracic, 4 lumbar, 4 sacral ganglia, 1 coccygeal ganglion

Answer 6

sympathetic chain of ganglia series

Question 7

long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers; S2 to S4

Answer 7

parasympathetic division has relatively….

Question 8

oculomotor nerve (CN III)

Answer 8

thickens lens and narrow pupil of eye

Question 9

facial nerve CN VII

Answer 9

regulate tear, nasal, and salivary glands

Question 10

Glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX

Answer 10

regulate parotid salivary gland

Question 11

vagus nerve CN X

Answer 11

cardiac, pulmonary, and esophageal plexuses in chest give off anterior and posterior vagal trunks

Question 12

enteric plexus (enteric nervous system)

Answer 12

the nervous network of the digestive tract

Question 13

alpha-adrenergic receptors

Answer 13

usually excitatory

Question 14

beta-adrenergic receptors

Answer 14

usually inhibitory

Question 15

autonomic effects

Answer 15

-on glandular secretion are often an indirect result of their effect on blood vessels

Question 16

longer than parasympathetic fibers

Answer 16

sympathetic effects tend to last..

Question 17

oppose each other
Examples: heart rate/ muscles of iris

Answer 17

antagonistic effects of dual innervation..

Question 18

two divisions act on different effectors to produce unified effect
Example: saliva production

Answer 18

cooperative effects of dual innervation

Question 19

hypothalamus

Answer 19

contains nuclei for primitive functions- hunger, thirst,sex

Question 19

cerebral cortex and limbic system

Answer 19

emotions influence the ANS because of the connections between our limbic system and the hypothalamus

Question 20

adrenal medulla, arrector muscles,sweat glands, many blood vessels

Answer 20

effectors that receive only sympathetic fibers

Question 21

midbrain,pons, and medulla oblongata

Answer 21

contain nuclei for cardiac and vasomotor control,salivation,swallowing, sweating, bladder control and pupillary changes

Question 22

spinal cord

Answer 22

reflexes for defecation and micturition (voiding urine)

Question 23

sympathomimetics

Answer 23

-enhance sympathetic activity
-Ex: cold medicines

Question 24

sympatholytics

Answer 24

-supress sympathetic activity
-EX: Beta-blockers

Question 25

parasympathomimetics

Answer 25

prozac, caffiene