Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

endocrine system > chapter 13 spinal cord,Nerves,somatic reflex > Flashcards

chapter 13 spinal cord,Nerves,somatic reflex Flashcards

1
Q

Spinal cord

A

cylinder of nervous tissue that arises from the brainstem at the foramen magnum of the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Segment

A

part of the spinal cord supplied by each pair of spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Medullary cone

A

T11-L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cauda equina

A

nerve roots L2 to S5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Meninges

A

three fibrous membranes that enclose the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dura mater

A

-Forms loose-fitting sleeve (dural sheath) around spinal cord
Tough, thick membrane of dense irregular connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Epidural space

A

space between dura and vertebral bones; contains blood vessels, adipose tissue, loose connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Arachnoid mater

A

arachnoid membrane adhering to dura and is separated from pia by fibers spanning the subarachnoid space that is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pia mater:

A

Fuses with dura to form coccygeal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Gray matter

A

emotions, memory, control of movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

white matter

A

body processing information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

(dorsal) horns

A

receive somatosensory nerve fibers,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

(ventral) horns

A

skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

lateral horns

A

T2 through L1, (Visceral and Pelvic organs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Marginal Zone

A

Relay Pain and Temp to Brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Substantia Gelatinosa

A

Relay Pain, Temp, and Light Touch to Brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dorsal Nucleus of Clarke

A

-Unconscious proprioceptive information to the brain
-Only found in C8 to L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Nucleus Proprius

A

Mechanical and Temp sensation to Brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Intermediolateral Nucleus

A

sensory information from viscera to the brain, and autonomic signals from the brain to the visceral organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lateral/Medial Motor Neurons

A

Motor neurons that innervate visceral and skeletal muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ascending tracts

A

information goes UP(sensory)

22
Q

Descending tracts

A

information goes DOWN (motor)

23
Q

Gracile fasciculus

A

carries signals up from midthoracic and lower parts of body

24
Q

Cuneate fasciculus

A

carries signals up from chest and upper limbs

25
Q

Spinothalamic tract

A

-part of the anterolateral system,Carries signals for pain, pressure, temperature, light touch, tickle, and itch

26
Q

First-order neurons

A

end in posterior horn of spinal cord

27
Q

Second-order neurons

A

posterior horn, then decussate and form the spinothalamic tract

28
Q

Third-order

A

neurons continue from secound to cerebral cortex

29
Q

Spinoreticular tract

A

Carries pain signals resulting from tissue injury

30
Q

posterior/anterior spinocerebellar tracts

A

Carry proprioceptive signals from limbs and trunk up to the cerebellum

31
Q

Upper motor neuron

A

in cerebral cortex or brainstem

32
Q

Lower motor neuron

A

cell body is in brainstem or spinal cord

33
Q

Lateral/anterior (ventral) corticospinal tracts

A

precise, finely coordinated movements

34
Q

lower medulla

A

Most fibers decussate in…..

35
Q

tectospinal tract

A

Functions in reflex turning of head in response to sights and sounds

36
Q

Lateral/ medial reticulospinal tracts

A

DESCENDING analgesic pathways that regulate transmission of pain signals to brain

37
Q

Lateral/medial vestibulospinal tracts

A

control extensor muscles of limbs for balance control

38
Q

Poliomyelitis

A

-Caused by the poliovirus
-Destroys motor neurons in brainstem and anterior horn of spinal cord
-muscle pain, weakness, and loss of some reflexes
paralysis, muscular atrophy, and respiratory arrest
-Virus spreads by fecal contamination of water

39
Q

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or Lou Gehrig disease

A

-Destruction of motor neurons and muscular atrophy
-Also sclerosis (scarring) of lateral regions of the spinal cord
-Early signs: muscular weakness; difficulty speaking, swallowing, and using hands
-Sensory and intellectual functions remain unaffected

40
Q

Nerve

A

a cord-like organ composed of numerous nerve fibers (axons) bound together by connective tissue

41
Q

Sensory nerves

A

composed only of afferent fibers; carry signals from sensory receptors to the CNS
Rare, include nerves for smell and vision

42
Q

Motor nerves

A

carry signals from CNS to muscles and glands

43
Q

mixed nerves

A

consist of both afferent and efferent fibers
Most common type

44
Q

Ganglion

A

cluster of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS

45
Q

7 cervical (C1 to C7)
12 thoracic (T1 to T12)
5 lumbar (L1 to L5)
5 sacral (S1 to S5)
1 coccygeal (Co1)

A

31 spinal nerves

46
Q

Posterior (dorsal) root

A

sensory input to spinal cord

47
Q

Anterior (ventral) root

A

motor output out of spinal cord

48
Q

Anterior ramus:

A

gives rise to an intercostal nerve

49
Q

Posterior ramus

A

innervates the muscles and joints in that region of the spine and the skin of the back

50
Q

Meningeal branch

A

reenters the vertebral canal and innervates the meninges, vertebrae, and spinal ligaments

51
Q

Chickenpox (varicella)

A

remains for life in the posterior root ganglia; kept in check by the immune system
-caused by varicella-zoster

52
Q

Shingles (herpes zoster)

A

caused by the virus traveling down the sensory nerves by fast axonal transport when immune system is compromised

endocrine system (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions