Chapter 15

Question 1

Conflict

Answer 1

A process resulting in the perceptions of two parties that they are working in opposition to each other in ways that produce feelings of discomfort and/or animosity

Question 2

Task Conflict

Answer 2

Refers to conflict regarding the goals and content of the work

Question 3

Process Conflict

Answer 3

Occurs when the parties agree on the goals and content of work but disagree on how to achieve the goals and actually do the work

Question 4

Relationship Conflict

Answer 4

Occurs when the parties have interpersonal issues

Question 5

Legal Conflict

Answer 5

May arise when there are difference in perceptions between organizations

Question 6

Pooled Interdependence

Answer 6

Represents the lowest level of interdependence, and therefore results in the least amount of conflict

Question 7

Sequential interdepence

Answer 7

The output of one unit becomes the input for another in sequential fashion, this creates a moderate level of interdependence and a somewhat high potential for conflict

Question 8

Reciprocal Interdependence

Answer 8

Exists when activities flow both ways between units; this form has the highest potential for conflict

Question 9

Goal Compatability

Answer 9

The extent to which the goals can be achieve simultaneously

Question 10

Avoidance

Answer 10

Occurs when an interaction is relatively unimportant to either party’s goals and the goals are incompatible

Question 11

Accomodation

Answer 11

Occurs when the goals are compatible but the interactions are not considered important to overall goal attainment

Question 12

Competition

Answer 12

Occurs when the goals are incompatible and the interactions are important to each party’s meeting its goals

Question 13

Collaboration

Answer 13

Occurs when the interaction between groups is very important to goal attainment and the goals are compatible

Question 14

Compromise

Answer 14

Occurs when the interactions are moderately important to goal attainment and the goals are neither completely compatible nor completely incompatible

Question 15

Conflict Stimulation

Answer 15

The creation and constructive use of conflict by a manager

Question 16

Conflict Resolution

Answer 16

A managed effort to reduce or eliminate harmful conflict

Question 17

Superordinate Goal

Answer 17

A goal of the overall organization and is more important to the well-being of the organization and its members than the more specific goals of the conflicting parties

Question 18

Team-Building Activities

Answer 18

Intended to enhance the effectiveness and satisfaction of individuals who work in groups or teams and to promote overall group effectiveness; they should lead to a decrease in conflict among members of the team

Question 19

Survey Feedback

Answer 19

Each employee responds to a questionnaire intended to measure perceptions and attitudes (for example, satisfaction and supervisory style)

Question 20

Third-Party Peacemaking

Answer 20

Primarily used to address extreme conflict, involves bringing in an outsider to facilitate conflict resolution

Question 21

Negotiation

Answer 21

The process in which two or more parties (people or groups) reach agreement on an issue even though they have different preferences regarding that issue

Question 22

Game Theory

Answer 22

A theory developed by economists using mathematical models to predict the outcome of negotiation situations

Question 23

PRAM Model

Answer 23

A four-step approach to negotiation that propose that proper planning, building relationships, getting agreements, and maintaining the relationships are the key steps to successful negotiation