Chapter 15/16 cranial nerves Flashcards
The 12 cranial nerves are
1 Olfactory 2 Optic 3 Oculomotor 4 Trochlear 5 Trigeminal 6 Abducens 7 Facial 8 Auditory 9 Glossopharyngea 10 Vagus 11 Spinal Accessory 12 Hypoglossal
CN I
Olfactory – smell
Only nerve not traveling through thalamus
Afferent
CN II
Optic – vision
Cranial Nerve II is a special somatic afferent nerve
Info is relayed to occipital lobe (17)
Afferent
CN III
Oculomotor – eye mm
Cranial Nerve III is a general somatic efferent nerve
Innervates most ocular mm
Efferent
CN IV
Trochlear – other eye mm
Cranial Nerve IV is a general somatic efferent nerve
Innervates other ocular mm
Efferent
CN V
Trigeminal – chewing and facial
Cranial Nerve V is a general somatic afferent and special visceral efferent nerve
Branches innervate various areas
Mandibular: facial sensory info AND innervates mm of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior digastric, and others
Includes lingual nerve
The Trigeminal nerve is involved in:
Jaw closing
Lateral jaw movement
Facial sensation, including lingual sensation
Bother efferent and afferent
CN VI
Abducens
other eye mm
Cranial Nerve VI is a general somatic efferent nerve
Efferent
CN VII
Facial – facial mm, taste, salivary glands The Facial nerve is involved in: Forehead wrinkling Closing eyes Closing mouth, smiling Tensing anterior neck mm Salivation Taste sensation for anterior 2/3 tongue as well as hard and soft palate
innervates mm of facial expression
Innervates sublingual and submandibular glands
Taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue
Hearing and balance info
Bother efferent and afferent
CN VIII
Vestibular cochlear– equilibrium & hearing
Afferent
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal– taste, swallowing, phx/lx elevation, parotid salivary, upper phx sensation
The glossopharyngeal nerve is involved in:
Laryngeal and pharyngeal elevation
Pharyngeal dilation
Salivation
Taste sensation for posterior 1/3 tongue
Sensation posterior tongue and upper pharynx
Cranial Nerve IX serves all nerve afferent/efferent functions
Taste info posterior 1/3 tongue
Touch, pain, temperature info posterior 1/3 tongue
Innervates stylopharyngeus and SPC
Innervates parotid gland
Bother efferent and afferent
CN X
Bother efferent and afferent
Vagus – taste, swallowing, palatal elevation, para-sympathetic The vagal nerve is involved in: Palatal elevation and depression Laryngeal movement Pharyngeal constriction Cricopharyngeal function Gag reflex and swallow reflex
Cranial Nerve X serves all nerve afferent/efferent functions
Innervates mm of trachea and esophagus
Innervates most laryngeal, pharyngeal, and palatal mm
Pain info from larynx, esophagus, abdomen
Includes nausea and hunger sensations
Taste to epiglottis and valleculae
Recurrent laryngeal nerve branch
Innervates most laryngeal/pharyngeal mm
Superior laryngeal nerve branch
Innervates cricothyroid mm and cricopharyngeal/IPC muscle
CN XI
Spinal Accessory – turning head and shrugging shoulders
Cranial Nerve XI serves special visceral efferent nerve function
Innervates SCM and trapezius mm
Efferent
CN XII
Hypoglossal – tongue movement The hypoglossal nerve is involved in: All tongue movements Cranial Nerve XII serves general somatic efferent nerve function Innervates all intrinsic lingual mm Innervates all extrinsic lingual mm Except for palatoglossus Efferent
Afferents vs efferents
Afferents = carrying info to cortex Efferents = carrying info from cortex
