Chapter 1.5 Flashcards
They see humans as the bearers of irreplaceable values. In medieval times,
Ancient Greek philosophers
He believed that the body constitutes individuality.
Thomas Aquinas
This tradition is generally acknowledged to be “imbued with a style of thinking based on dichotomy and binary opposition”
western tradition
The osychiatrist and professor, __________ (1985), outlined four categories on how the term “self” is used in contemporary western discussion.
(4 western concept of self)
Frank Johnson
- Analytical
- Monotheistic
- Individualistic
- Materialistic/rationalistic
the “tendency to see reality as an aggregate of parts.”
analytic
involved the tendency toward unitary explanations of phenomena and a closed-system view of “self” as modeled after a unitary, omnipotent power
Monotheism
is a quality of western thinking where self-expression and self-actualization are important ways of establishing who one is, as well as in finding satisfaction in the world.
Individualism
western thinking tends to discredit explanations that do not use analytic-deductive modes of thinking
materialistic/rationalistic
The earliest religious writings in the East are the ______. It formed the Hindu philosophy and dharma
Vedas
According to sacred Hindu texts, the true nature of humans is described as “_________” which is the divine universal consciousness encompassing the universe.
Brahman
It is the Self that is all within us
Brahman
________ is composed of the teachings of Buddha.
In _______ traditions, the “self” is not an entity, a substance, or essence. Rather, the “self” is a dynamic process. It is interdependent and ever changing.
Buddhism
Buddhist
The Buddha taught a doctrine called _______, which is often defined as “no-self or no-soul.”
_______ is a concept that the sense of being a permanent, autonomous “self” is an illusion. It is the teaching that there is no eternal, unchanging “self/soul” inhabiting our bodies or living our lives,
anatta
In ________, the quest for the “self” in terms of substance, of spirit, of body, or of essence does not exist
Confucianism
He wrote about the concept of “self” is that of personality. The qualities that form a person’s character are not something that exists inherently.
Propagated by
Confucius
Four beginnings (Confucianism)
Jen
Yi
Li
Chih
_______ means goodwill, sympathy toward others, politeness, and generosity.
Jen
______ means rightness and the respect of duty (you must respect your position as a guardian toward nature and humanity).
Yi
_______ means having the right to practice propriety in all that you do.
Li
_______ involves demonstrating your inner attitude in your outer expression.
Propriety
_____ means wisdom;
this _______ is expressed by putting jen, yí, and li into practice
Chih
wisdom
__________ (in the Confucian perception) is an achieved state of moral excellence rather than a given human condition.
Personality
________ rejects a hierarchical view of the self, society, or cosmos. Unlike Confucianism, it does not regard the “self” as an extension of (or defined by) social relationships.
Taoism
________ (name) regarded as a mystic of unmatched brilliance in China, gave an explicit negation of the centrality of the “self.”
Chuang-tzu
According to ________, “The perfect man has no self; the spiritual man has no achievement; the true sage has no name.” The ideal is, thus, selflessness.
Chuang-tzu
The Arabic word for the word “self” is _____ written in the Holy Qur’an. It pertains to the psyche (the totality of the conscious and unconscious human mind) or the soul.
Nafs
__________ refers to the extent that you value independence and personal uniqueness.
Individualism
________ refers to the extent that we value our duty to groups to which we belong. and to group harmony.
Collectivism
_______ plays a very significant in the development of the self-concept. embodies specific values, thoughts, or ideas that play a central role in determining a It person’s sense of “self.”
Culture
A study conducted by __________, a Filipino psychologist and educator, determined that one of the strengths of the Filipino character is our deep love and concern for the family, which includes not simply the spouses and children, parents, and siblings, but also grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, godparents, and all other ceremonial relatives.
Collectivism
Patricia Licuanan
Baumeister (1986) proposed that self-concept could be organized in three aspects:
- ________, which refers to the mental processes that perceive one’s own traits or behaviors
- _______, which refers to the generalized view of self, such as the perception of how others view you
- _______, which refers to the view of self in a collective concept (e.g., My family expects me to be honest).
Private
Public
Collective
