Chapter 1.5

Question 1

They see humans as the bearers of irreplaceable values. In medieval times,

Answer 1

Ancient Greek philosophers

Question 2

He believed that the body constitutes individuality.

Answer 2

Thomas Aquinas

Question 3

This tradition is generally acknowledged to be “imbued with a style of thinking based on dichotomy and binary opposition”

Answer 3

western tradition

Question 4

The osychiatrist and professor, __________ (1985), outlined four categories on how the term “self” is used in contemporary western discussion.

(4 western concept of self)

Answer 4

Frank Johnson

1. Analytical
2. Monotheistic
3. Individualistic
4. Materialistic/rationalistic

Question 5

the “tendency to see reality as an aggregate of parts.”

Answer 5

analytic

Question 6

involved the tendency toward unitary explanations of phenomena and a closed-system view of “self” as modeled after a unitary, omnipotent power

Answer 6

Monotheism

Question 7

is a quality of western thinking where self-expression and self-actualization are important ways of establishing who one is, as well as in finding satisfaction in the world.

Answer 7

Individualism

Question 8

western thinking tends to discredit explanations that do not use analytic-deductive modes of thinking

Answer 8

materialistic/rationalistic

Question 9

The earliest religious writings in the East are the ______. It formed the Hindu philosophy and dharma

Answer 9

Vedas

Question 10

According to sacred Hindu texts, the true nature of humans is described as “_________” which is the divine universal consciousness encompassing the universe.

Answer 10

Brahman

Question 11

It is the Self that is all within us

Answer 11

Brahman

Question 12

________ is composed of the teachings of Buddha.

In _______ traditions, the “self” is not an entity, a substance, or essence. Rather, the “self” is a dynamic process. It is interdependent and ever changing.

Answer 12

Buddhism
Buddhist

Question 13

The Buddha taught a doctrine called _______, which is often defined as “no-self or no-soul.”

_______ is a concept that the sense of being a permanent, autonomous “self” is an illusion. It is the teaching that there is no eternal, unchanging “self/soul” inhabiting our bodies or living our lives,

Answer 13

anatta

Question 14

In ________, the quest for the “self” in terms of substance, of spirit, of body, or of essence does not exist

Answer 14

Confucianism

Question 15

He wrote about the concept of “self” is that of personality. The qualities that form a person’s character are not something that exists inherently.

Propagated by

Answer 15

Confucius

Question 16

Four beginnings (Confucianism)

Answer 16

Jen
Yi
Li
Chih

Question 17

_______ means goodwill, sympathy toward others, politeness, and generosity.

Answer 17

Jen

Question 18

______ means rightness and the respect of duty (you must respect your position as a guardian toward nature and humanity).

Answer 18

Yi

Question 19

_______ means having the right to practice propriety in all that you do.

Answer 19

Li

Question 20

_______ involves demonstrating your inner attitude in your outer expression.

Answer 20

Propriety

Question 21

_____ means wisdom;

this _______ is expressed by putting jen, yí, and li into practice

Answer 21

Chih
wisdom

Question 22

__________ (in the Confucian perception) is an achieved state of moral excellence rather than a given human condition.

Answer 22

Personality

Question 23

________ rejects a hierarchical view of the self, society, or cosmos. Unlike Confucianism, it does not regard the “self” as an extension of (or defined by) social relationships.

Answer 23

Taoism

Question 24

________ (name) regarded as a mystic of unmatched brilliance in China, gave an explicit negation of the centrality of the “self.”

Answer 24

Chuang-tzu

Question 25

According to ________, “The perfect man has no self; the spiritual man has no achievement; the true sage has no name.” The ideal is, thus, selflessness.

Answer 25

Chuang-tzu

Question 26

The Arabic word for the word “self” is _____ written in the Holy Qur’an. It pertains to the psyche (the totality of the conscious and unconscious human mind) or the soul.

Answer 26

Nafs

Question 27

__________ refers to the extent that you value independence and personal uniqueness.

Answer 27

Individualism

Question 28

________ refers to the extent that we value our duty to groups to which we belong. and to group harmony.

Answer 28

Collectivism

Question 29

_______ plays a very significant in the development of the self-concept. embodies specific values, thoughts, or ideas that play a central role in determining a It person’s sense of “self.”

Answer 29

Culture

Question 30

A study conducted by __________, a Filipino psychologist and educator, determined that one of the strengths of the Filipino character is our deep love and concern for the family, which includes not simply the spouses and children, parents, and siblings, but also grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, godparents, and all other ceremonial relatives.

Collectivism

Answer 30

Patricia Licuanan

Question 31

Baumeister (1986) proposed that self-concept could be organized in three aspects:

1. ________, which refers to the mental processes that perceive one’s own traits or behaviors
2. _______, which refers to the generalized view of self, such as the perception of how others view you
3. _______, which refers to the view of self in a collective concept (e.g., My family expects me to be honest).

Answer 31

Private
Public
Collective