2.2 Part 2 Flashcards
__________ is defined as an individual’s general __________ toward partners of the same sex, the opposite sex, or both sexes.
Historically, the most important indicator of same-sex (i.e., gay, lesbian, or bisexual) orientation was _____________.
Sexual orientation
sexual disposition
same-sex sexual desire
It is a person’s emotional and erotic attraction toward another individual.
Sexual orientation
It refers to one’s sense of being male or female.
gender identity
________ is an umbrella term for a wide spectrum of gender identities, sexual orientations, and romantic orientations.
LGBTQ+
These are females who are exclusively attracted to women.
L - lesbian
This can refer to males who are exclusively attracted to any other males.
It can also refer to anyone who is attracted to his or her same gender.
G - gay
Someone who is sexually/romantically attracted to both men and women.
B - bisexual
It is an umbrella term for people who do not identify with the gender assigned to them at birth.
T - transgender
It is a useful term for those who are questioning their identities and are unsure about using more specific terms, or those who simply do not wish to label themselves and prefer to use a broader umbrella term.
Q - queer
Signify that many identities are not explicitly represented by the letters.
+ The plus
________ or people who are born with a mix of male and female biological traits that can make it hard for doctors to assign them a male or female sex
Intersex
________ or a person who is not interested in or does not desire sexual activity.
Asexual
_____ is a label male or female that you’re assigned by a doctor at birth based on the genitals you’re born with and the chromosomes you have. It goes on your birth certificate.
Sex
It is one’s innermost concept of self as male, female, a blend of both or neither - how individuals perceive themselves and what they call themselves.
Gender identity
__________ is an inherent or immutable enduring emotional, romantic or sexual attraction to some other people. This attraction can be for someone from the same sex or someone from the opposite sex.
Sexual orientation
It influence the various issues related to sexual orientation and gender identity.
Sociocultural factors
It is an individual who would be described as transgender in western cultures
kathoey
Existing literature highlighted that the challenges of rural living for LGBTQ+ people are:
•
•
•
• High levels of intolerance;
• Limited social and institutional supports; and
• Higher incidence of social isolation.
____ is a disease or infection acquired through sexual contact where the organisms that cause ____ are passed on from person to person in blood, semen, and vaginal or any other bodily fluids.
STD - Sexually transmitted diseases
STD can also be transmitted non-sexually such as:
•
•
•
• Mother to infant during pregnancy;
• Blood transfusion; and
• People sharing needles for injection.
__________ is a law in the Philippines that guarantees access to contraceptive methods, such as fertility control, sexual education, and maternal care.
On ___________, the Court ruled that the law was “not unconstitutional” but struck down eight provisions partially or in full.
The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 (Republic Act No. 10354)
April 8, 2014
It allows both men and women to make informed choices on when and if they planning to have a children.
Family planning
___________ is the method that uses the body’s natural physiological changes and symptoms to identify the fertile and infertile phases of the __________.
Such methods are also known as _____________________.
• Natural family planning (NFP)
• menstrual cycle
• fertility-based awareness methods
________________ are generally the preferred contraceptive method for women who do not wish to use artificial methods of contraception for reasons of religion, or who, due to rumors and myths, fear other methods.
Natural family planning methods
Example of STD
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
During the menstrual cycle, the female hormones estrogen and progesterone cause some observable effects. Observation of these changes provides a basis for _____________.
periodic abstinence methods
There are three common techniques used in periodic abstinence methods, namely:
a.
b.
c.
a. Rhythm (calendar) method;
b. Basal body temperature (BBT) monitoring; and
c. Cervical mucus (ovulation) method
With ________ method, the couple tracks the woman’s menstrual history to predict when she will ovulate. This helps the couple determine when they will most likely conceive.
rhythm (calendar) method
A woman’s body temperature changes throughout the menstrual cycle, and changes in body temperature coincide with hormonal changes. This indicates fertile and non-fertile stages of the cycle. By monitoring temperature every day, a woman can determine the periods of her menstrual cycle when she is, or is not, fertile.
Basal body temperature monitoring
The 1.)_________ (ovulation) method, also called the 2.)________ as this was devised by John and Evelyn Billings in the 1960s, involves examining the color and viscosity of the 1.)________ to discover when ovulation is occurring.
cervical mucus
Billing’s method
Through exclusive breastfeeding, the woman is able to suppress ovulation. This method is called _____________.
lactation amenorrhea method.
This is one of the oldest methods of contraception. The man must release his sperm out of the vagina. Hence, he must withdraw his penis the moment he ejaculates. This method is only 75% effective because pre-ejaculation fluid that contains a few spermatozoa may cause fertilization.
Coitus Interruptus
It is an effective family planning method that manipulates the hormones that directly affect the normal menstrual cycle so that ovulation will not occur.
Hormonal Contraception/Artificial Family Planning
It is also known as the pill. These contain synthetic estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen suppresses ovulation while progesterone decreases the permeability of the cervical mucus to limit the sperm’s access to the ova.
Oral Contraceptives
_____________ is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream.
In this case, it has a combination of both estrogen and progesterone released into the bloodstream to prevent pregnancy.
Transdermal Contraceptive Patch
It is a birth control ring inserted into the vagina and slowly releases hormones through the vaginal wall into the bloodstream to prevent pregnancy.
Vaginal Ring
It involve the delivery of a steroid progestin from polymer capsules or rods placed under the skin. The hormone diffuses out slowly at a stable rate, providing contraceptive effectiveness for 1-5 years.
Subdermal implants
It is a contraceptive injection given once every three months. It typically suppresses ovulation, keeping the ovaries from releasing an egg. It also thickens cervical mucus to keep the sperm from reaching the egg.
Hormonal Injections
It isa T-shaped plastic device wrapped in copper or contains hormones. It prevents fertilization of the egg by damaging or killing sperm. It makes the mucus in the cervix thick and sticky, so sperm cannot get through to the uterus. It also keeps the lining of the uterus (endometrium) from growing very thick making the lining a poor place for a fertilized egg to implant and grow.
Intrauterine Device
_________, such as spermicides, vaginal gels and creams, and glycerin films are also used to cause the death of sperms before they can enter the cervix. It lowers the pH level of the vagina, so it will not become conducive for the sperm. However, these chemical barriers cannot prevent sexually transmitted infections.
Chemical barriers
_________ are dome-shaped barrier methods of contraception that block sperms from entering the uterus. They are made of latex (rubber) and formed like a shallow cup. It is filled with spermicide and fitted over the uterine cervix.
Diaphragm
A ________ is a silicone cup inserted in the vagina to cover the cervix and keep sperm out of the uterus. Spermicide is added to the cervical cap to kill any sperm that may get inside the protective barrier. However, this is not a widely used method and few health care providers recommend this type of contraception. The most common side effect from using a cervical cap is vaginal irritation. Some women also experience an increase in the number of bladder infections.
cervical cap
The ___________ is a latex or synthetic rubber sheath placed on the erect penis before vagihal penetration to trap the sperm during ejaculation. Condoms can prevent STDs.
male condom
It is a thin pouch inserted into the vagina before sex serving as protective barrier to prevent pregnancy and protection from sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV. Female condoms create a barrier that prevents bodily fluids and semen from entering the vagina.
Female condoms
This method ensures conception is inhibited permanently after the surgery.
Surgical methods
Two kinds of surgical methods:
Vasectomy
Tubal Ligation
A surgical operation wherein the tube that carries the sperm to a man’s penis is cut. It is a permanent male contraception method.
Vasectomy
It is a surgical procedure for female sterilization involving severing and tying the fallopian tubes.
It disrupts the movement of the egg to the uterus for fertilization and blocks sperm from traveling up the fallopian tubes to the egg.
Tubal ligation
