Chapter 14 Flashcards
What are single-case designs or single-subject designs?
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What is a phase?
a series of observations of the same individual under the same conditions.
what are baseline observations?
observations made when no treatment is being administered. A series of baseline observations is called a baseline phase and is identified by the letter A
What are treatment observations?
observations made when a treatment is being administered. A series of treatment observations is called a treatment phase and is identified by the letter B
What is a level?
A consistent level occurs when a series of measurements are all approximately the same magnitude. In a graph, the series of data points cluster around a horizontal line.
What is a trend?
A consistent trend occurs when there is a consistent increase (or decrease) in the magnitude of behaviour. In a graph, the series of data points cluster around a sloping line (because it consistently increases or decreases over time).
What is stability?
the degree to which the observations show a consistent level or consistent trend.
What is a phase change?
involves changing the conditions, usually by administering or stopping a treatment
What is a reversal design?
consists of a series pf phases including a baseline phase followed by a treatment phase and at least one replication of a baseline followed by a treatment
What is the ABAB design?
the most commonly used reversal design and consists of four phases: a baseline phase, a treatment phase, a return-to-baseline-phase, and a second treatment phase. The goal of this design is to demonstrate that the treatment causes changes in the participant’s behaviour.
