Chapter 14 Flashcards
Which are more likely operational definitions of variables?
Verbalized satisfaction with care recieved
Pain rated on a scale of 1-10
Which statements must apply to observations for them to be scientific?
They must be consistent with the study’s objectives
They must be recorded in a standardized way
Why must data collection methods be objective?
Data must not be influenced by the people collecting data
When should the selection of data methods occur?
During the literature review
How can consistency in data collection be ensured?
By collecting data from each subject in the same way
The degree of consistency in data collection between two investigators is referred to as what?
Interrater reliability
An example of a biological measurement would be what?
A blood glucose level of 110mg/100mL
What is an example of a microbiological measurement?
Presence of staphylococcus aureus in sputum
When may the precision and sensitivity of physiologic measurements be compromised?
When the measuring device is affected by the environment
A researcher studied the behavior of children who had witnessed the loss of a parent. She observed the children at play by watching through a one-way mirror. What is this type of observation called?
Concealment without intervention
A researcher attended an infant exercise program and observed parents and infants interacting. What is this type of observation called?
No concealment without intervention
Observing subjects without their knowledge violates which human right?
Right to informed consent
What is the process that protects the rights of subjects who have been observed without their knowledge?
Debriefing
When a researcher does not know all of the possible alternative responses to a question, what type of question should be asked?
Open-ended
Data analysis for unstructured response formats requires what type of method?
Content analysis
What type of problem is introduces by the response style known as social desirability?
Accuracy of responses
Which critiquing criterion would apply to data collection methods in general?
Are operational definitions provided and clear?
Which critiquing criterion would apply to observational methods?
Were the observers trained to minimize any bias?
Which critiquing criterion would apply to interviews?
Is there clear indication that the subjects were able to answer the questions?
Which critiquing criterion would apply to interviews?
Is there clear indication that the subjects understood the task and questions?
Which critiquing criterion would apply to questionnaires?
Is there evidence that subjects were able to answer the questions?
Which critiquing criterion would apply to records and databases?
Are the existing data used appropriately considering the problem being studied?
Which are advantages of using physiological instruments?
Precision
Objectivity
Sensitivity
Which critiquing criterion would apply to interviews?
Is the interview schedule described adequately enough to know whether it covers the topic?
Demographic data that may be collected about study participants include what?
Race
Age
Which critiquing criterion would apply to questionnaires?
Are the majority of the items appropriately close-ended or open-ended?
What does evaluation of self-report require?
Social desirability
