Chapter 12 Flashcards
A nurse conducted a research study that compared patient outcomes (length of hospital stay and perceived knowledge of disease process) in groups of 12-year-old patients with a diagnosis of epilepsy. Which are delimitations of this study?
Age and diagnosis
Which statements are true about convenience sampling?
Convenience sampling is the most commonly used method of sampling
Research consumers should be skeptical about the external validity of the finding
What can jeopardize the representativeness of the sample regardless of the technique used?
Sample heterogeneity
Subjects dropping out of the study
What should be considered when estimating a sample size?
The design of the study
The type of sampling procedure used
The cost of collecting data
A research study explored the meaning of health for migrant farm-worker women in a southern state. A convenience sample of 20 migrant farm-worker women was surveyed. What is the population of this study?
Migrant farm-worker women in Georgia
What is the purpose of establishing inclusion and exclusion criteria?
To control for potential bias
In a nationwide study, a researcher collected blood samples from patients who had been diagnosed with clinical depression. She also collected blood samples from each patient’s nuclear family. Which sample technique did she most likely use?
Convenience
What is a population that meets the population criteria for a study and is available?
An accessible population
What is the most important characteristic of a sample?
Representativeness
What is true about both nonprobablility sampling techniques and probablility sampling techniques?
Probablility sampling more likely results in a representative sample
Voluntary participation in a study may result in a sample that feels strongly about the issuer being studied. This is an issue in which type of sampling method?
Convenience sampling
Using quota sampling technique introduces what type of bias?
External validity
When is purposive sampling useful?
When a highly unusual group is being studied
A researcher wants to study specific characteristics of adult triplets who were raised separately. Which sampling technique would the researcher most likely use?
Purposive
A random sample of U.S hospitals is surveyed to discover their nurse-to-patient ratios. What is the sampling frame for this study?
All U.S hospitals
Using random numbers to select a sample from a list of possible subjects is called
Simple random sampling
To conduct a practice analysis of nurse aides, a researcher selected a sample of nurse aides by first obtaining a random sample of all hospitals in the United States, then acquiring a list of every aide working in those hospitals, and finally randomly selecting two aides from each hospital. What is this sampling technique called?
Cluster sampling
What do methods of nonprobability sampling include?
Convenience
Quota
Purposive
A researcher wanted to conduct a study of depression among men working in executive corporate positions. She located 10 subjects by advertising and then invited each of those subjects to refer their acquaintances who met the study criteria. What is this sampling technique called?
Snowballing
When is bias introduced into a study?
When sample selection is carried out inconsistently
Which sampling strategy is considered to be easy in terms of drawing a sample?
Convenience
Which sampling strategy is considered laborious in terms of drawing a sample?
Simple random and stratified random
Which sampling strategy is considered relatively easy in terms of drawing a sample?
Convenience and quota
Which sampling strategy is considered time consuming in terms of drawing a sample?
Stratified random
Which sampling strategy is considered to have the greatest risk of bias of any strategy?
Convenience
Methods of probablility sampling include what?
Cluster
