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DE STUDY > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

1.​In order to produce fire fighting foam, what three items must be educted or injected in correct ratios? (480)
​A.​Foam concentrate, water, and air
​B.​Hydrocarbons, foam solution, and air
​C.​Foam solutions, gelling agent, and water
​D.​Polar solvents, foam concentrate, and water

A

​A.​Foam concentrate, water, and air

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2
Q

2.​Which piece of equipment injects the correct amount of foam concentrate into the water stream to make the foam solution? (480)
​A.​Venturi device
​B.​Aerating nozzle
​C.​Mechanical blower
​D.​Foam proportioner

A

​D.​Foam proportioner

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3
Q

3.​Which are examples of polar solvent fuels requiring the use of special polymeric fire fighting foam? (480)
​A.​Water and acetone
​B.​Alcohol and ketones
​C.​Esters and cooking oils
​D.​Kerosene and crude oils

A

​B.​Alcohol and ketones

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4
Q

4.​What is released as fire fighting foam breaks down, providing a cooling effect on the fuel and suppressing the process of heat-producing oxidation? (481)
​A.​Gel
​B.​Water
​C.​Proteins
​D.​Polar solvents

A

​B.​Water

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5
Q

5.​The act of mixing water with foam concentrate to form a foam solution is called: (482)
​A.​aeration.
​B.​eduction.
​C.​hydrolization.
​D.​proportioning.

A

​D.​proportioning.

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6
Q

6.​Which are designed to work in conjunction with proportioners to produce the best possible foam? (482)
​A.​Pickup tubes
​B.​Foam nozzles
​C.​In-line eductors
​D.​Jet ratio controllers

A

​B.​Foam nozzles

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7
Q

7.​Which proportioning method uses an external pump to force foam concentrate into the fire stream at the proper ratio in comparison to the flow? (483)
​A.​Injection
​B.​Induction
​C.​Premixing
​D.​Batch mixing

A

​A.​Injection

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8
Q

8.​Which statement about batch mixing is accurate? (483)
​A.​It is very complex.
​B.​It is potentially inaccurate.
​C.​It is most effective during large incidents.
​D.​It uses the pressure of a water stream to draft foam.

A

B.​It is potentially inaccurate

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9
Q

9.​Which proportioning method uses premeasured portions of water and foam concentrate that are mixed in a container? (484)
​A.​Injection
​B.​Induction
​C.​Premixing
​D.​Batch mixing

A

​C.​Premixing

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10
Q

10.​What is the smallest type of foam storage container? (485)
​A.​Pails
​B.​Totes
​C.​Barrels
​D.​Apparatus tanks

A

​A.​Pails

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11
Q

11.​In order to eliminate using pails or barrels to supply a foam eductor, fire apparatus equipped with onboard foam proportioning systems usually have ___ piped directly to the delivery system. (485)
​A.​in-line eductors
​B.​jet ratio controllers
​C.​in-line proportioners
​D.​foam concentrate tanks

A

​D.​foam concentrate tanks

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12
Q

12.​Regardless of the type of tank, what is one characteristic that all foam storage containers share? (486)
​A.​Oxygenation
​B.​Refrigeration
​C.​Airtight storage
​D.​Room for expansion

A

​C.​Airtight storage

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13
Q

13.​The formula of Class A foam includes _____ that reduce the surface tension of water in the foam solution. (487)
​A.​gelling agents
​B.​polar solvents
​C.​hydrocarbon surfactants
​D.​protein foam concentrates

A

​C.​hydrocarbon surfactants

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14
Q

14.​What is the commonly used guideline for proportioning Class A foam for exposure protection with standard fog nozzles? (488)
​A.​0.2 to 0.5 percent concentrate
​B.​0.5 to 1.0 percent concentrate
​C.​0.3 to 0.7 percent concentrate
​D.​0.1 to 0.2 percent concentrate

A

​B.​0.5 to 1.0 percent concentrate

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15
Q

15.​The minimum amount of foam solution that must be used on a fire per minute per square foot (square meter) of fire is called the: (488)
​A.​eduction rate.
​B.​injection rate.
​C.​application rate.
​D.​proportioning rate.

A

​C.​application rate.

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16
Q

16.​Because it forms a rigid coating that adheres well and is slow to drain, the best consistency of Class A foam for vertical surfaces is: (488)
​A.​dry foam.
​B.​wet foam.
​C.​hard foam.
​D.​medium foam.

A

​A.​dry foam.

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17
Q

17.​What affects the breakdown process of Class A foam? (488)
​A.​Surface elevation
​B.​Atmospheric pressure
​C.​Age of the burning fuel
​D.​Ambient air temperature

A

​D.​Ambient air temperature

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18
Q

18.​Class B synthetic foam concentrate is made from: (489)
​A.​animal proteins.
​C.​film forming fluoroprotein.
​B.​a mixture of gelling agents.
​D.​a mixture of fluorosurfactants.

A

​D.​a mixture of fluorosurfactants.

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19
Q

19.​What are Mil-Spec concentrates? (489)
​A.​Experimental foams still in the development phase
​B.​Foam concentrates used only in U.S. Military operations
​C.​Foam concentrates manufactured to U.S. Military specifications
​D.​Foam concentrates manufactured by the Milhouse Specialty Company

A

​C.​Foam concentrates manufactured to U.S. Military specifications

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20
Q

20.​Which factor is MOST likely to affect the degree of expansion in a foam solution? (490)
​A.​Biodegradability
​B.​Rate of application
​C.​Method of aeration
​D.​Decomposition rate

A

​C.​Method of aeration

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21
Q

21.​Which variable affects a foam’s rate of application? (490)
​A.​Environmental considerations
​B.​The type of foam proportioner used
​C.​Whether the fuel is contained or uncontained
​D.​The ambient temperature at the incident site

A

​C.​Whether the fuel is contained or uncontained

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22
Q

22.​Driver/operators calculate the application rate available from a specific nozzle by: (491)
​A.​dividing the area of the fire by the flow rate.
​B.​dividing the flow rate by the area of the fire.
​C.​multiplying the flow rate by the area of the fire.
​D.​multiplying nozzle pressure by the area of the fire.

A

​B.​dividing the flow rate by the area of the fire

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23
Q

23.​Why might fuel and fire consume a portion or the entire foam blanket? (491)
​A.​Presence of polar solvents
​B.​Presence of thermal drafts
​C.​Inconsistent application time
​D.​Incorrect type or concentration used

A

​C.​Inconsistent application time

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24
Q

24.​Which statement about regular protein foams is MOST accurate? (492)
​A.​They are more fluid than most other low expansion foams.
​B.​They degrade more quickly and are becoming increasingly rare.
​C.​They are a combination of protein-based foam and synthetic foam.
​D.​They are derived from animal protein and contain no additives or chemicals.

A

​B.​They degrade more quickly and are becoming increasingly rare.

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25
Q

25.​Which foam consists of fluorochemical and hydrocarbon surfactants combined with solvents to create a high boiling point? (492)
​A.​Fluoroprotein foam
​B.​High-expansion foam
​C.​Aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)
​D.​Film forming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP)

A

​C.​Aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)

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26
Q

26.​Which foam is MOST likely to be used to combat concealed space fires in cellars or other subterranean spaces? (494)
​A.​Fluoroprotein foam
​B.​High-expansion foam
​C.​Aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)
​D.​Film forming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP)

A

​B.​High-expansion foam

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27
Q

27.​Low energy foam systems impart pressure on the foam solution with the use of the: (494)
​A.​main fire pump.
​B.​mechanical blower.
​C.​self-educting pickup tube.
​D.​variable-flow variable-rate direct-injection system.

A

​A.​main fire pump.

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28
Q

28.​Which is a basic foam proportioner that is designed to be attached directly to the pump panel discharge or connected at some point in the hose lay? (494)
​A.​In-line foam eductors
​B.​Foam nozzle eductors
​C.​Jet ratio controller (JRC)
​D.​Self-educting master stream nozzle

A

​A.​In-line foam eductors

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29
Q

29.​When operating an in-line foam eductor, which of the following operating guidelines must be followed to achieve properly proportioned finished foam? (495)
​A.​The inlet pressure should be decreased as much as possible in order to create the Venturi effect.
​B.​Back pressure should be increased as much as possible in order to create the best foam induction.
​C.​The flow in gallons per minute (L/min) through the eductor must not exceed its rated capacity.
​D.​The pressure at the discharge side of the eductor must not be less than 70 percent of the eductor inlet pressure.

A

​C.​The flow in gallons per minute (L/min) through the eductor must not exceed its rated capacity.

30
Q

30.​Viscosity, or the thickness and ability of a liquid to flow freely, is MOST likely to be affected by: (495)
​A.​humidity.
​B.​elevation.
​C.​temperature.
​D.​nozzle pressure.

A

​C.​temperature.

31
Q

31.​Which of the following has a pickup tube that is located in the center bore of the nozzle and uses a modified Venturi design to draw concentrate into its water stream? (496)
​A.​Jet ratio controller
​B.​Foam nozzle eductors
​C.​In-line foam eductors
​D.​Self-educting master stream foam nozzle

A

​D.​Self-educting master stream foam nozzle

32
Q

32.​A type of in-line eductor that may be used to supply foam concentrate to a self-educting master stream foam nozzle is called a: (497)
​A.​handline eductor.
​B.​jet ratio controller.
​C.​mechanical blower.
​D.​fog nozzle eductor.

A

​B.​jet ratio controller.

33
Q

33.​In some installed in-line eductor systems, a(an) ___ proportioner is installed to reduce the friction loss across the eductor. (497)
​A.​bypass
​B.​injection
​C.​expansion
​D.​around-the-pump

A

​A.​bypass

34
Q

34.​Installed in-line eductors are most commonly used to proportion which class of foam? (497)
​A.​Class A
​B.​Class B
​C.​Class C
​D.​Class K

A

B.​Class B

35
Q

35.​Which is the most common apparatus-mounted foam proportioner and consists of a small return (bypass) water line connected from the discharge side of the pump back to the intake side of the pump? (498)
​A.​Around-the-pump proportioner
​B.​Bypass-type balanced pressure proportioner
​C.​Variable-flow variable-rate direct injection proportioner
​D.​Variable-flow demand-type balanced pressure proportioner

A

​A.​Around-the-pump proportioner

36
Q

36.​Which is a proportioner used on large mobile apparatus installations, such as ARFF vehicles, and is one of the most accurate methods of foam proportioning? (499)
​A.​Around-the-pump proportioner
​B.​Bypass-type balanced pressure proportioner
​C.​Variable-flow variable-rate direct injection proportioner
​D.​Variable-flow demand-type balanced pressure proportioner

A

​B.​Bypass-type balanced pressure proportioner

37
Q

37.​Which statement about variable-flow demand-type balanced pressure proportioners is MOST accurate? (500)
​A.​It is the simplest method of proportioning foam.
​B.​It is a method compatible only with high energy foam systems.
​C.​It consists of a variable speed mechanism driven electrically or hydraulically that operates a foam concentrate pump.
​D.​It features the ability to monitor the demand for foam concentrate and adjust the amount of concentrate supplied.

A

​C.​It consists of a variable speed mechanism driven electrically or hydraulically that operates a foam concentrate pump.

38
Q

38.​Batch mixing is generally only used with which types of foam concentrates? (501)
​A.​Class A and regular AFFF concentrates
​B.​Class B and regular AFFF concentrates
​C.​Class A and alcohol resistant AFFF concentrates
​D.​Class B and alcohol resistant AFFF concentrates

A

A.​Class A and regular AFFF concentrates

39
Q

39.​Class A foam solutions do not retain their foaming properties when mixed in water for more than: (501)
​A.​2 hours.
​B.​24 hours.
​C.​one week.
​D.​one month.

A

​B.​24 hours.

40
Q

40.​When using the batch mixing proportioning method, frothing can be avoided by: (501)
​A.​using a lower proportion of foam.
​B.​slowly circulating water in the tank.
​C.​draining and refilling the water tank.
​D.​removing lubricants from pump seals.

A

​B.​slowly circulating water in the tank.

41
Q

41.​High-energy foam generating systems/CAFS differ from other methods because: (502)
​A.​the flow of concentrate matches the pressure demand better.
​B.​the concentrate is supplied from atmospheric pressure foam tanks on the apparatus.
​C.​they introduce compressed air into the foam solution prior to discharge into the hoseline.
​D.​they introduce compressed air into the foam solution after discharge into the hoseline.

A

​C.​they introduce compressed air into the foam solution prior to discharge into the hoseline.

42
Q

42.​Which is a limitation of CAFS? (503)
​A.​CAFS requires closer proximity to the fire.
​B.​In event of a hose burst, compressed air will intensify the reaction of hoseline.
​C.​Foam produced by a CAFS does not adhere to a fuel surface as well as low energy foam.
​D.​Hoselines containing high energy foam solution weigh more than those containing plain water.

A

B.​In event of a hose burst, compressed air will intensify the reaction of hoseline.

43
Q

43.​Due to the low eduction rates on a CAFS apparatus, what is required to supply the fire stream at the rate of 0.1 to 1.0 percent? (503)
​A.​A handline nozzle
​B.​Gelling agents in the foam solution
​C.​Film forming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP)
​D.​A variable flow rate sensing proportioner

A

​D.​A variable flow rate sensing proportioner

44
Q

44.​For a portable foam application device, once foam concentrate and water have mixed to form a foam solution, the solution must be: (503)
​A.​aerated.
​B.​pre-mixed.
​C.​hydrolyzed.
​D.​proportioned.

A

​A.​aerated.

45
Q

45.​Which is a common handline nozzle used for foam application? (503)
​A.​Fog nozzle
​B.​Jet ratio nozzle
​C.​Mechanical nozzle
​D.​Balanced pressure nozzle

A

​A.​Fog nozzle

46
Q

46.​A smooth bore nozzle is limited to application of which classification of foam? (504)
​A.​Any Class A foam
​B.​Any Class B foam
​C.​Class A foam from a CAFS
​D.​Class B foam from a CAFS

A

​C.​Class A foam from a CAFS

47
Q

47.​Which kind of nozzle allows firefighters the option of operating fixed flow, selective flow, or automatic flow when applying a low expansion, short duration foam blanket? (504)
​A.​Fog nozzles
​B.​Smooth bore nozzles
​C.​Air-aspirating foam nozzles
​D.​Master stream foam nozzles

A

​A.​Fog nozzles

48
Q

48.​Which kind of nozzle inducts air into foam solution by a Venturi action and is the only nozzle that should be used with protein and fluoroprotein concentrates? (504)
​A.​Fog nozzles
​B.​Smooth bore nozzles
​C.​Air-aspirating foam nozzles
​D.​Master stream foam nozzles

A

​C.​Air-aspirating foam nozzles

49
Q

49.​What are the two basic types of medium- and high-expansion foam generators? (505)
​A.​Water aspirating and hydrolyzed
​B.​Hydrolyzed and burnback resistant
​C.​Water aspirating and mechanical blower
​D.​Burnback resistant and mechanical blower

A

​C.​Water aspirating and mechanical blower

50
Q

50.​Both of the basic types of medium- and high-expansion foam generators produce foam containing: (505)
​A.​low air content.
​B.​high air content.
​C.​low water content.
​D.​high water content.

A

​B.​high air content.

51
Q

51.​Which statement is true about the adequate and/or inadequate production of foam when an in-line proportioner is used? (505)
​A.​A nozzle placed too far above the eductor will result in excessive foaming.
​B.​Too long an attack line on the discharge side of the eductor will diminish the Venturi effect.
​C.​A partially closed nozzle will result in a flow rate that will not allow the creation of a Venturi effect.
​D.​It is acceptable to mix foam concentrates from different manufacturers as long as they are the same class.

A

​C.​A partially closed nozzle will result in a flow rate that will not allow the creation of a Venturi effect.

52
Q

52.​In which situation is it acceptable to mix together different manufacturers’ foam concentrates? (505)
​A.​If they are Class A CAFS foams
​B.​If they are mil-spec concentrates
​C.​If they are not mil-spec concentrates
​D.​If they are Class B polar solvent foams

A

​B.​If they are mil-spec concentrates

53
Q

53.​Direct application is a method of attack that is BEST used with: (506)
​A.​Class A foam.
​B.​Class B foam.
​C.​aqueous film forming foam.
​D.​film forming fluoroprotein foam.

A

​A.​Class A foam.

54
Q

54.​Which method for Class B foam application involves directing the foam onto a vertical surface and allowing it to run down and spread across pooled fuel product? (506)
​A.​Roll-on method
​B.​Rain-down method
​C.​Bank-down method
​D.​Direct application method

A

​C.​Bank-down method

55
Q

55.​What is determined by the rate at which natural bacteria can degrade foam? (508)
​A.​Hydrolization
​B.​Decomposition
​C.​Biodegradability
​D.​Burnback resistance

A

​C.​Biodegradability

56
Q

56.​The process of foam decomposition results in the consumption of: (508)
​A.​oxygen.
​B.​aquatic life.
​C.​fresh water.
​D.​carbon dioxide.

A

​A.​oxygen.

57
Q

57.​Why is it important to avoid direct application of Class A foam to natural bodies of water? (508)
​A.​It can harm aquatic life.
​B.​It will lose its effectiveness.
​C.​It is oil-based and will not mix with water.
​D.​Water increases the ambient temperature of the foam.

A

​A.​It can harm aquatic life.

58
Q

58.​In what way are durable agents similar to Class A foam? (509)
​A.​Both products are used in a similar fashion.
​B.​Both products are water absorbent polymers.
​C.​Both products are inexpensive and easily stored.
​D.​Both products form small bubbles filled with water.

A

​A.​Both products are used in a similar fashion.

59
Q

59.​What is a disadvantage of durable agents? (509)
​A.​The products are not biodegradable and can be toxic to the environment.
​B.​These products do not retain their fire retarding properties as long as Class A foam.
​C.​These products can only be batch mixed and may result in discarding expensive product.
​D.​Once applied, surfaces coated with these products become very slippery for walking or driving.

A

​D.​Once applied, surfaces coated with these products become very slippery for walking or driving.

60
Q

1.​The device that injects the correct amount of foam concentrate into the water stream to make the foam solution is called a foam: (480)
​A.​aerator.
​B.​eductor.
​C.​solutioner.
​D.​proportioner.

A

​D.​proportioner.

61
Q

2.​During proportioning, foam concentrates are generally intended to be mixed with: (482)
​A.​polar solvents.
​B.​distilled water.
​C.​fresh or salt water.
​D.​biodegradable gelling agents.

A

​C.​fresh or salt water.

62
Q

3.​Which kind of container can foam solution can be stored in? (484-485)
​A.​Totes
​B.​Pickup tubes
​C.​Venturi devices
​D.​Unlined metal barrels

A

​A.​Totes

63
Q

4.​Which statement about Class A foam is MOST accurate? (487)
​A.​It can only be used with aerating nozzles.
​B.​It is not economical because it has such a short shelf life.
​C.​Because the product is used in small amounts, it is typically not a major environmental concern.
​D.​Using it in conjunction with compressed air foam systems (CAFS) decreases its insulation qualities.

A

​C.​Because the product is used in small amounts, it is typically not a major environmental concern.

64
Q

5.​Which statement about Class B foam is MOST accurate? (489)
​A.​Class B concentrates should be stored in a warm area to maximize shelf life.
​B.​Concentrates that are manufactured to U.S. Military specifications may be mixed at any time.
​C.​This foam is most commonly used to extinguish ordinary combustibles such as wood and paper.
​D.​The differences in type of concentrate, method of aeration, and proportioning of the foam will not affect its expansion.

A

​B.​Concentrates that are manufactured to U.S. Military specifications may be mixed at any time.

65
Q

6.​Which is a common type of portable foam proportioner? (494)
​A.​Venturi eductor
​B.​Jet ration eductor
​C.​Draft foam eductor
​D.​In-line foam eductor

A

​D.​In-line foam eductor

66
Q

7.​Which statement about installed in-line eductor systems and portable in-line eductors is MOST accurate? (497)
​A.​Precautions regarding hose lengths do not apply to installed in-line eductors.
​B.​Installed systems can use foam supplied by a tank mounted on the apparatus.
​C.​Portable systems can use foam supplied by a tank mounted on the apparatus.
​D.​Installed systems do not need to match the nozzle and eductor flow capability.

A

​B.​Installed systems can use foam supplied by a tank mounted on the apparatus.

67
Q

8.​When using low energy portable foam application systems, the aeration and discharge functions are completed by: (503)
​A.​foam nozzle eductors.
​B.​the CAFS compressor.
​C.​an aerating foam nozzle.
​D.​the master stream appliances.

A

​C.​an aerating foam nozzle.

68
Q

9.​When large-scale flammable and combustible liquid fires require the delivery of an amount of foam that is beyond the capability of the handlines, which nozzles should be used? (504)
​A.​Fog nozzles
​B.​Smooth bore nozzles
​C.​Air-aspirating foam nozzles
​D.​Master stream foam nozzles

A

D.​Master stream foam nozzles

69
Q

10.​Which method for Class B foam application involves directing a foam fire stream on the ground near the front edge of a burning liquid spill? (506)
​A.​Roll-on method
​B.​Rain-down method
​C.​Bank-down method
​D.​Direct application method

A

​A.​Roll-on method

70
Q

11.​Which is the most common method of foam application for aboveground storage tank fires? (506)
​A.​Roll-on method
​B.​Rain-down method
​C.​Bank-down method
​D.​Direct application method

A

​B.​Rain-down method

71
Q

12.​Studies by the U.S. Forest Service have shown that release of Class A foam into a natural water source can be lethal to: (508)
​A.​fish.
​B.​humans.
​C.​livestock.
​D.​aquatic birds.

A

​A.​fish.

72
Q

13.​Other additives currently available for use as extinguishing agents, as well as pre-treatment of structures threatened by fire spread, are generally known as: (508)
​A.​surfactants.
​B.​polar solvents.
​C.​protein concentrates.
​D.​durable or gelling agents.

A

​D.​durable or gelling agents.

DE STUDY (22 decks)

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