Chapter 14

Question 1

How does pop culture affect teen sexual development?

Answer 1

People form role models from pop culture. If these role models are hyper sexual, individuals may become prematurely sexual.However, it can also promote gender identity diversity and freer norms around sexual orientation

Question 2

Super Peer Theory

Answer 2

The characters presented in the media often establish the normative beliefs teens hold around a variety of topics, including alcohol and drug use, as well as sex. Technology has become a mega super peer.

Question 3

How does technology affect teen sexual development?

Answer 3

Convinces adolescents that their peers are participating in riskier sexual behavior than they actually are, which makes teens more likely to then perform the behavior as well since it’s now perceived as normal.
Also, kids are exposed to porn at an earlier age.

Question 4

What percent of 13-19 year olds have sent a nude?

Answer 4

25%

Question 5

What age are people exposed to porn?

Answer 5

Boys: 13 (93% before 18)
Girls: 14 (62% before 18)

Question 6

What are the affects of porn on teens?

Answer 6

-unrealistic view of what anatomy, sex, pleasure, relationships, and sexual consent all look and feel like
-feelings of incredible insecurity as teens compare their bodies to the exaggerated and enhanced images of what they see in porn
-unrealistic expectations regarding how long sex should last, what arousal and response actually look like
-behaviors that are necessary for it to be good or pleasurable
-good sex is rough and that women, in particular, like to be treated aggressively.

Question 7

Does the virginity pledge program have any affect on sexual activity?

Answer 7

-No reduction
-Pushes hetero normative norms on children.
-Increases teen pregnancy
-Increases teens STIs

Question 8

Does comprehensive sex education have any affect?

Answer 8

Does not reduce the frequency of teen sex but do make teens more likely to engage in it safely

Question 9

What is child sexual abuse?

Answer 9

Any form of sexual contact between an adult and child. It involves one person, the adult/older teen, using their dominant, powerful position to force a child into sexual activity.

Question 10

What is intergenerational sex?

Answer 10

Neutral term used to describe sex between adults and children when such behavior is a societal norm for a given culture, such as in Sub-Saharan Africa or Botswana.

Question 11

What are the conditions for child sexual abuse?

Answer 11

-The child is less than 16 and at least 4 years younger than the adult.
-The adult is older than 13 and at least 4 years older than the child.
-Both are the same chronological age, but the adult is of a more advanced psychological stage of development than the child, who may, for example, be mentally disabled.

Question 12

What percent of adults in the United States report having experienced at least one episode of sexual physical contact during their childhood?

Answer 12

1 in 10
24.8% are males and 75.2% are females.
20% of all girls and 8% of all boys are sexually abused before their 18th birthday

Question 13

Who is often the perp for sexual abuse? What gender? Where does it occur?

Answer 13

Relative or family friend
90% male. 4% female. 6% unknown.
84% in residence.

Question 14

Do people report the child sexual abuse?

Answer 14

73% of child victims do not tell anyone about the abuse for at least one year and 45% do not tell anyone for five year

Question 15

What is the side effects for childhood sexual abuse?

Answer 15

-Delayed, distorted psychosexual development: Intimacy issues, sexual dysfunction and compulsion, and risky decisions around sex
-Stigmatization: Feeling deviant, damaged goods, or inference of blame
-Betrayal: Undermining trust, loss of innocence, or belief that world is a toxic, harmful place
-Disempowerment: Impaired individuation makes victims more susceptible to abuse in the future
-Mental health: Anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder
-10 to 13 times more likely to attempt suicide

Question 16

How can you help protect your child from this abuse?

Answer 16

-Talking to children about their bodies and sexuality in an age-appropriate way.
-Teaching children that certain types of touching by an adult are not right and not ok.
-Where to go, who to tell, what to do. The more children are armed with information about how to recognize and respond to dangerous situations, the more likely they will be able to find the support they need to stop the situation from advancing.

Question 17

How is research typically conducted on childhood sexuality?

Answer 17

Retrospective report or parent reports

Question 18

What is the best way to give the talk?

Answer 18

-Plan ahead- think ahead of time of what to say so you do not rely on silly metaphors or give too much/too little embarrassment
-It is important to ask questions and listen. That way you can clear up confusion.
-Give honest, age appropriate answers with as much detail as kids ask for
-It is important to talk early and often (anticipate events)
-Use teachable moments
-Balance the negatives with the positives
-Acknowledge diversity
-Communicate your values

Question 19

Does puberty occur for women versus men?

Answer 19

Women begin 1.5 years before men

Question 20

When do boys start masturbating? What about girls?

Answer 20

Sharp increase at 13-15 for boys
Steady increase for girls

Question 21

When does the first real attraction occur?

Answer 21

Childhood (10 yrs)

Question 22

When does the first sexual behavior occur?

Answer 22

Adolescence. First kiss around 13-15

Question 23

Are teens having sex at a younger age? What is the average age?

Answer 23

Nope! Today’s teens are less sexually active than teens of the 1980s and 1990s.
Decrease in the # of people who have sex in high school every year sinnce 19901
Also sexually active teens having fewer partners and having sex less often

The average age is 17

Question 24

How does the % of teens having sex post high school?

Answer 24

The number rapidly increases.
Over 75% by 20
Over 90% by 25

Question 25

Contraception Trends

Answer 25

More likely to use condoms than teens in the 1990s
BUT rate of condom use has decreased in the last 15-20 years
Other methods low but slowly increasing

Question 26

When does awareness of sexual orientation occur? When are people sure? When do people typically come out?

Answer 26

Typically before puberty
Median age awareness: 12
Median age sure and coming out: 17
Gay men earlier than women or bisexual for both

Question 27

When does awareness of gender orientation occur?

Answer 27

Very young (preschool)

Question 28

How does the LGB Identity develop?

Answer 28

-Starts with an awareness of same-sex attraction/feeling
-Move on to exploration of those feelings
-Then take on LBG identity
-Integrate LGB identity into broader sense of self

Question 29

Coming Out

Answer 29

Disclosure of a personal attribute that may go unnoticed or has been kept secret. It is often a difficult and important experience.

Question 30

Who is least likely to be out?

Answer 30

Bisexual Men (age of coming out and who is coming out increases with acceptance)

Question 31

How do people typically come out?

Answer 31

First to close friends, then mother, then father
Coming out is not single event, but a lifelong process

Question 32

What happens if parents reject queer child?

Answer 32

Increases isolation, loneliness, depression, suicide, homelessness, prostituion, and STIs

Question 33

How is a person affected based on their experience with coming out?

Answer 33

Positive coming out experiences related to higher self-concepts, lower depression rates, and healthier psychological adjustments
People not “out” experience more mental, physical health problems