Chapter 13 Vocab and People and Events Flashcards
cheapest accomodations on a steam ship, cramped quarters
Steerage
hostility towards immigrants
Nativism
one who enters and becomes established in a country other than that of their original nationality
Immigrant
relating to large groups of people classed according to common racial, national, tribal, religious, or cultural origin or background
Ethnic
tiny island in New York Harbor, where immigrants arrived from Europe
Ellis Island
journalist that first pointed out people in cities created small cultural neighborhoods
Jacob Riis
place for asian immigrants in California, where they waited for citizenship
Angel Island
law banned Chinese immigration for 10 years and prevented the Chinese in the country from becoming citizens
Chinese Exclusion Act
a very tall building
skyscraper
multifamily apartments usually dark crowded and barely meeting minimum living standards
Tenement
an organization linked to a political party that often controlled local government
Political Machine
person in control of a political machine
Party Boss
the aquisition of money in dishonest wasy, as in bribing a politician
Graft
something that motivates a person into action
Incentive
to cause an action that causes a greater reaction
Trigger
contributed to the design of the Chicago Skyscrapers
Louis Sullivan
one of New Yorks most powerful party bosses defended “honest graft”
George Plunkitt
leader of New York City Democratic machine (Tammany Hall) his corruption led to prison sentence in 1874.
William “Boss” Tweed
the thought that no matter what a persons background is, the person can still become successful.
Individualism
based on Charles Darwins theories of evolution and natural selection, states that humans have developed through competition and natural selection with only the strongest surviving
Social Darwinism
providing money to support humanitarian or social goals
Philanthropy
institution located in a poor neighborhood that provided numerous community services such as medical care, child care, libraries, and classes in English
Settlement House
causing someone to acquire American traits and characteristics
Americanization
scientific theory that humans and other life forms of life have evolved over time
Evolution
to make a document available to the generic public
Publish
era in American history between 1870-1900
Gilded Era
a gentler version of Social Darwinism advocated by Andrew Carnegie
Gospel of Wealth
Samuel Clemens, wrote Huckleberry Finn
Mark Twain
worked to get better conditions in cities according to bibilical ideas of charity and justice
Social Gospel
opened Hull House in Chicago supported settlement houses
Jane Addams
political movement founded in the 1890s representing mainly farmers, favoring free coinage of silver and government control of railroads and other large industries
Populism
a piece of US paper money first issued by the North during the Civil War
Greenbacks
the loss of value of money
Inflation
decilne in the volume of available money or credit that results in lower prices, increasing the buyings power of money
Deflation
a store where farmers buy products from each other, an enterprise owned and operated by those who use the service.
Cooperatives
tax based on the net income of an individual or business
Graduated Income Tax
note issued by government that promises to pay off a loan with interest
Bond
paper money used as a medium or exchange
Currency
plan or method for achieving a goal
Strategy
1890, Charles W. Macune was the leader
Farmers Alliance
Populists, wanted political reform
Peoples Party
democrat nominated that supported silver
William Jennings Bryan
governor of Ohio, nominated by Republicans
William McKinley
tax of a fixed amount per person that had to be paid before the person could vote
Poll Tax
the separation or isolation of a race, class, or group
Segregation
statues or laws created to enforce segregation
Jim Crow Laws
execution performed without lawful approval
Lynchings
different treatment or preference on a basis other than indiciduual merit.
Discrimination
launched a fearless crusade against lynching
Ida B. Wells
had African Americans focus on economic goals rather than political ones, educator, Atlanta Compromise
Booker T. Washington
leader of new generation of African American activists, wrote, the sould of black fold
W.E.B. Du-Bois
