Chapter 13 Vocab and People and Events

Question 1

cheapest accomodations on a steam ship, cramped quarters

Answer 1

Steerage

Question 2

hostility towards immigrants

Answer 2

Nativism

Question 3

one who enters and becomes established in a country other than that of their original nationality

Answer 3

Immigrant

Question 4

relating to large groups of people classed according to common racial, national, tribal, religious, or cultural origin or background

Answer 4

Ethnic

Question 5

tiny island in New York Harbor, where immigrants arrived from Europe

Answer 5

Ellis Island

Question 6

journalist that first pointed out people in cities created small cultural neighborhoods

Answer 6

Jacob Riis

Question 7

place for asian immigrants in California, where they waited for citizenship

Answer 7

Angel Island

Question 8

law banned Chinese immigration for 10 years and prevented the Chinese in the country from becoming citizens

Answer 8

Chinese Exclusion Act

Question 9

a very tall building

Answer 9

skyscraper

Question 10

multifamily apartments usually dark crowded and barely meeting minimum living standards

Answer 10

Tenement

Question 11

an organization linked to a political party that often controlled local government

Answer 11

Political Machine

Question 12

person in control of a political machine

Answer 12

Party Boss

Question 13

the aquisition of money in dishonest wasy, as in bribing a politician

Answer 13

Graft

Question 14

something that motivates a person into action

Answer 14

Incentive

Question 15

to cause an action that causes a greater reaction

Answer 15

Trigger

Question 16

contributed to the design of the Chicago Skyscrapers

Answer 16

Louis Sullivan

Question 17

one of New Yorks most powerful party bosses defended “honest graft”

Answer 17

George Plunkitt

Question 18

leader of New York City Democratic machine (Tammany Hall) his corruption led to prison sentence in 1874.

Answer 18

William “Boss” Tweed

Question 19

the thought that no matter what a persons background is, the person can still become successful.

Answer 19

Individualism

Question 20

based on Charles Darwins theories of evolution and natural selection, states that humans have developed through competition and natural selection with only the strongest surviving

Answer 20

Social Darwinism

Question 21

providing money to support humanitarian or social goals

Answer 21

Philanthropy

Question 22

institution located in a poor neighborhood that provided numerous community services such as medical care, child care, libraries, and classes in English

Answer 22

Settlement House

Question 23

causing someone to acquire American traits and characteristics

Answer 23

Americanization

Question 24

scientific theory that humans and other life forms of life have evolved over time

Answer 24

Evolution

Question 25

to make a document available to the generic public

Answer 25

Publish

Question 26

era in American history between 1870-1900

Answer 26

Gilded Era

Question 27

a gentler version of Social Darwinism advocated by Andrew Carnegie

Answer 27

Gospel of Wealth

Question 28

Samuel Clemens, wrote Huckleberry Finn

Answer 28

Mark Twain

Question 29

worked to get better conditions in cities according to bibilical ideas of charity and justice

Answer 29

Social Gospel

Question 30

opened Hull House in Chicago supported settlement houses

Answer 30

Jane Addams

Question 31

political movement founded in the 1890s representing mainly farmers, favoring free coinage of silver and government control of railroads and other large industries

Answer 31

Populism

Question 32

a piece of US paper money first issued by the North during the Civil War

Answer 32

Greenbacks

Question 33

the loss of value of money

Answer 33

Inflation

Question 34

decilne in the volume of available money or credit that results in lower prices, increasing the buyings power of money

Answer 34

Deflation

Question 35

a store where farmers buy products from each other, an enterprise owned and operated by those who use the service.

Answer 35

Cooperatives

Question 36

tax based on the net income of an individual or business

Answer 36

Graduated Income Tax

Question 37

note issued by government that promises to pay off a loan with interest

Answer 37

Bond

Question 38

paper money used as a medium or exchange

Answer 38

Currency

Question 39

plan or method for achieving a goal

Answer 39

Strategy

Question 40

1890, Charles W. Macune was the leader

Answer 40

Farmers Alliance

Question 41

Populists, wanted political reform

Answer 41

Peoples Party

Question 42

democrat nominated that supported silver

Answer 42

William Jennings Bryan

Question 43

governor of Ohio, nominated by Republicans

Answer 43

William McKinley

Question 44

tax of a fixed amount per person that had to be paid before the person could vote

Answer 44

Poll Tax

Question 45

the separation or isolation of a race, class, or group

Answer 45

Segregation

Question 46

statues or laws created to enforce segregation

Answer 46

Jim Crow Laws

Question 47

execution performed without lawful approval

Answer 47

Lynchings

Question 48

different treatment or preference on a basis other than indiciduual merit.

Answer 48

Discrimination

Question 49

launched a fearless crusade against lynching

Answer 49

Ida B. Wells

Question 50

had African Americans focus on economic goals rather than political ones, educator, Atlanta Compromise

Answer 50

Booker T. Washington

Question 51

leader of new generation of African American activists, wrote, the sould of black fold

Answer 51

W.E.B. Du-Bois