Chapter 13 Section 1,2,& 3 Flashcards
the cheapest accomodations on a steamship
steerage
an anti-immigrant oragnization
American Protective Assocation
caused an increase in Chinese immigration
Taiping Rebellion
location of a barracks in California to accommmodate Asian immigrants
Angel Island
an extreme dislike for foreighners by native-born people
Nativism
Nativism in the late 1800s was focused on Asians Jews, and ________________
Eastern Europeans
By the 1890s, immigrants made up a significant percentage of some of the country’s largest ________________
cities
Where did many Chinese immigrants settle?
Western Cities
What law prevented Chinese immigrants already in the United States from becoming citizens?
Chinese Exclusion Act
The processing center for the vast majority of immigrants arriving on the East Coast was at ______________
Ellis Island
In the late 1980’s what percentage of immigrants in the US came from eastern and southern Europe?
over %50
Why did immigrants move to the US?
- to escape poverty and the restrictions of social class 2. avoid forced military service High food prices,religious persecution, live under democratic government
The voyage to the US was very difficult and many immigrants booked passage in ___________
steerage
At the end of the 14 day journey, immigrants disembarked at _____________
Ellis Island
Immigrants made up large percentage of the population of major cities including…
New York, Chicago, Milwaukee, and Detroit
Who observed the large number of different ethnic groups in NYC?
Jacob Riis
What caused the Chinese to migrate to the US
The Taiping Rebellion
Why did the Japanese migrate to the US
Economic problems in Japan
California opened a barracks for Asian immigrants that was called what>
Angel Island
Why did Nativism oppose immigration?
The feared the influx of Catholics would swamp the “protestant” US. Labor Unions argued that immigrants would undermine American workers because they would work for lower wages, and except jobs as strikebreakers
What was a well known anti-immigration organization?
American Protective Association
Who organized the workingman’s party?
Denis Kearney
In 1882 Congress passed what act that put restrctions on immigrations?
Chinese Exclusion Act
What city did the board of education order all Asian children to attend segregated schools?
San Fransisco
Theodore Roosevelt proposed a deal known as…..
the Gentleman’s Agreement
Why were rural Americans moving to cities in the early 1900s?
they lacked money for farms, and education for higher paying jobs
What new type of building became more common in the early 1900s?
Skyscrapers
Louis Sullivan is famous for creating what new structure?
Skyscrapers
In 1887, who developed the nation’s first electric trolley car?
Frank J. Sprague
Name on of the two cities that built the nation’s first subway system?
Boston and New York
A low income apartment building found in an inner city neighborhood was known as a what?
Tenements
Name Danish immigrant who wrote the book How the Other Half LIves
Jacob Riis
Name the powerful New York City party boss who defended “Honest Graft”
George Plunkitt
Name the New York City democratic political party machine?>
Tammany Hall
Were most political machines and bosses fair and honest?
NO
an informal political group designed to gain and keep power
Political Machine
INvented the electric trolley car
Frank J. Sprague
documented slum life in the book How the Other Half Lives
Jacob Riis
a railroad car pulled by horses
horsecar
tall steel frame building
skyscrapers
What was the famous New York Democratic political machine called?
Tammany Hall
No one contributed more to the design of skyscrapers than Chicago’s ________
Louis Sullivan
America’s industrialization made some people wealthy and created a growing _________
middle class
In response to urban congestion, Boston and New York built the first….
subway systems
Who rose to become on of New York’s most powerful party bosses
George Plunkitt
Who wrote the novel, The Guilded Age?
Mark Twain and Charles Warner
One of the strongest beliefs during the guilded age was that of…
Individualism
Who wrote more than 100 stories of rags to riches?
Horatio Alger
Another powerful idea during the guilded era was….
Social Darwinism
Who developed Social Darwinism?
Herbert Spencer
Who created a gentler version of Social Darwinism, and called it the Gospel of Wealth
Andrew Carnegie
The Gospel of Wealth philosophy said wealthy americans should engage in….
philanphropy
A new movement in art and literature was called….
Realism
Who was Americas best known painter of realism?
Thomas Edkins
Who were two famous writers from the realism era
William Dean Howells, and Mark Twain
What things became popular?
Saloons, amusement parks, watching professional sports, playing tennis, golf and croquet, vaudeville and ragtime
Rutherford B. Hayes tried to end what when he entered office?
Patronage
What were people who supported Patronage called?
stulwarts
What were people who opposed patronage called?
halfbreeds
When james. A. Garfield became president and was assassinated, the public opinion turned against the spoils system and congress passed the…
Pendelton Act
In the 1884 election who was the Democratic nominee?
Grover Cleveland
IN the 1884 election who was the Republican nominee?
James Blain
were americans concerned with corporations?
Yes
In 1887, Cleveland signed the what that created the ICC and set railway restrictions?
INterstate Commerce Act
Grover Cleveland wanted to lower what?
tariffs
What lowered federal income revenue causing a budget deficit?
McKinley Tariff
Congress passed what in 1890, but had little impact?
Sherman Anti-trust Act
Who published Progress and Poverty, a book that challenged Social Darwinism?
Henry George
Who published Dynamic Sociology?
Lester Frank Ward
Ward’s ideas became known as what?
Reform Darwinism
Who published Looking Backwards?
Edward Bellamy
Criticism of industrial society also appeared in the new style of writing known as…
Naturalism
Name famous naturalis writers
Stephan Crane, Jack London
Who opened a famous settlement house in Chicago?
jane Addams
What were children in schools essentially taugh?
Americanization (learning English + customs)
