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US History > Chapter 11 Test Review > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Test Review Flashcards

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1
Q

the major route north to Abilene, Kansas

A

Chisholm Trail

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2
Q

declared “a public and private nuissance”

A

Hydraulic Mining

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3
Q

self appointed volunteers to track down and punish wrongdoers

A

Vigilance Committee

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4
Q

vast areas of grassland owned by the federal government

A

Open Range

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5
Q

process of extracting shallow deposits of ore largely by hand

A

Placer Mining

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6
Q

What brought the first wave of settlers to the West?

A

Mining

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7
Q

Although only a fraction of the herds survived when ranchers rounded up their cattle in 1866, it was the first….

A

Long Drive

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8
Q

in 1859, when prospector Henry Comstock staked a claim in Six-Mile Canyon, Nevada, the sticky blue-gray mud there turned out to be…

A

Silver Ore

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9
Q

Deep Deposits of minerals led to the creation of one of the most legendary boomtowns that dotted the mining frontier known as….

A

Leadville

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10
Q

Eventually and after considerable loss of life, the open range was largely fenced off with a new invention called

A

Barbed Wire

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11
Q

Who staked a claim in Six-mile canyon that turned out to be nearly pure silver ore?

A

Henry Comstock

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12
Q

In addition to Nevada, mining also spurred the development of….

A

Colorado, Arizona, the Dakotas and Montana

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13
Q

Process that used simple equipment like picks and pans

A

Placer Mining

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14
Q

What type of cattle could survive harsh climates?

A

Texas Longhorns

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15
Q

In 1866, ranchers drove about 260,000 cattle came to

A

Sedalia Missouri

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16
Q

How many cattle did cowboys drive up the Chisolm Trail?

A

1.5 Million

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17
Q

Who taught American cowhands their trade and enriched the English language with words or Hispanic Origin

A

Vaqueros

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18
Q

Spanish speaking neighborhoods

A

Barrios

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19
Q

Strikes like the Comstock Lode created cities overnight called

A

Boomtowns

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20
Q

Once the mines that supported the boomtowns were used up the population dwindled or it would become a

A

Ghost Town

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21
Q

Name some famous mining areas

A

Pikes Peak, Leadville, The Black Hills, Tombstone

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22
Q

American headed to the Black Hills to mine

A

Gold and Silver

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23
Q

The purpose of cattle drives was to move them towards the..

A

railroad

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24
Q

Long drives ended due to the invention of what

A

barbed wire

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25
Q

a tract of public land available for settlement

A

homestead

26
Q

often brought their owners big profits

A

Bonanza Farms

27
Q

productive farm area that began at the eastern edge of the Great Plains

A

Wheat Belt

28
Q

Stephen Long

A

Explored Great Plains in 1819

29
Q

planting seeds deep in the ground where there was enough moisture for them to grow

A

Dry Farming

30
Q

Threshing machines were used for

A

Harvesting Wheat

31
Q

What hardships did settlers on the Great Plains face?

A

Scorching Summers

32
Q

Settlement in the Great Plains was promoted by the railroads and supported by

A

The Government

33
Q

The great plains extends westward to the

A

Rocky Mountains

34
Q

What name did the first explorers of the Great Plains give the are?

A

The Great American Desert

35
Q

Land once thought to be worthless for farming was transformed into America’s

A

wheatbelt

36
Q

News spread that there was cheap what in America?

A

FARMLAND

37
Q

In 1862, the government encouraged people moving to the plains by doing what?

A

passing the Homestead Act

38
Q

How much did you pay to file for a homestead and how much land did you get?

A

$10 and 160 acres

39
Q

Who lost their homesteads due to a combination of drought, wind erosion and overuse of land

A

Sodbusters

40
Q

Innovations in farming were what?

A

mechanical reaper, steam tractor, treshing machine

41
Q

Wheat belt began at the eastern edge of great plains and encompassed much of the

A

Dakotas, and part of Nebrask and Kansas

42
Q

What marked the end of an era

A

The closing of the frontier

43
Q

First major clash began in 1862 when the Dakota Sioux launched an attack in

A

Minnesota

44
Q

Sioux agreed to live on a reservation in exchange for

A

annuities

45
Q

who led sioux uprising

A

Little Crow

46
Q

what was the Lakota war called?

A

Red Clouds War

47
Q

What chief brought several hundred Cheyenne to Fort Lyon to negotiate a peace agrreement

A

Chief Black Kettle

48
Q

Where native americans were mercilessly attacked…

A

Sand Creek Massacre

49
Q

Proposed creating two reservations

A

Indiam Peace Commission

50
Q

What General was sent to the black hills in the battle of little bighonr

A

Custer

51
Q

How many soldiers were killed in the battle with Custer

A

210

52
Q

Who led the Nez Perce people?

A

Chief Joseph

53
Q

Where were the Nez Perce exiled to?

A

Oklahoma

54
Q

Native American resistence came to an end where?

A

on the Lakota Reservation

55
Q

Federal authorities banned what

A

the Ghost Dance

56
Q

After continuing to do the Ghost Dance the army killed who and how many native americasn

A

Chief Sitting Bull, and 200 Lakotas

57
Q

The government tried to do what to native americas?

A

Assimilate them into western society

58
Q

they divided reservations into individual whats?

A

allotments

59
Q

In 1887 Congress passed what that failed to achieve its goals

A

Dawes Act

60
Q

In 1924 Congress passed the what? granting all Native Americans citizenship

A

The Citizenship Act

61
Q

policies of assimilation and allotment finally ended under what

A

the New Deal

US History (35 decks)

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