Chapter 12 Section 1 &2 Flashcards
United States was the world’s leading _________ by the late 1800s.
Industrial Nation
By 1914 the GDP was ___ times greater than it had been at the end of the Civil War.
8
In 1859, _______________ drilled the first oil well near Titusville, Pennsylvania.
Edwin Drake
Population growth stemmed from what two large causes?
Large families and a flood of immigrants
In 1867 who succeeded in creating the first telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell
Name 5 Things Thomas Edison invented or improved
Electric Generator, Lightbult, Motion Picture, Dictaphone, Battery
Edison supplied electric power to what major city?
New York City
Who invented an air-brake system for railroads?
George Westinghouse
Name some other inventions during the 1800s
Ice Machine, Refridgerated Railroad Car, Powerdriven sewing machine and cloth cutter
What economic strategy was practiced in the late 1800s?
Laissez-Faire
After the Southern states seceded, the Republican controlled Congress passed the _______________
Morrill Tarrif
The railroad boom began when who signed the Pacific Railway Act in 1862?
Abraham Lincoln
Who directed the Union Pacific Railway?
Grenville Dodge
Who directed the Central Pacific Railroad?
Theordore Judah
Workers completed the _____________ in four years
Transcontinental Railroad
The Union Pacific Railroad and the Central Pacific Railroad met where?
Promontory Summit, Utah
Who was one of the most successful railroad Consolidators?
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Who decided to divide the country into 4 time zones?
The American Railway Association
The Federal Government gave out what in order to encourage railroad construction across the great plains?
Land Grants
Corruption in the Railroad industry became public in 1872 when the ____________________ scandal broke out.
Credit Mobilier
This Scandal created the impression that all railroad entrepreuners were _______
Robber Barons
who was the most notoriously corrupt railroad owner?
Jay Gould
Who was an honest Rilroad consolidator?
James J. Hill
What Railroad did James HIll operate?
Great Northern Railroad.
Regions where the same time is kept?
Time Zone
Built the Great Northern Railroad
James J. Hill
One of the most successful railroad consolidators
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Given to the railroad companies by the government to encourage railroad construction
land grants
Which transcontitnental railroad operated without government subsidies and was the only one not forced into bankrupcy?
Great Northern Railroad
By linking the nation, railroads helped increase the size of markets for _________
products
The Central Pacific Railroad began as the dream of engineer_________
Theodore Dehone Judah
What railroad began pushing westward under the direction of engineer Grenville Dodge?
Union Pacific
The Central Pacific Railroad had primary investors who were known as _________
The Big Four
because of a shortage of work in California, about 10,000 workers from _________ were hired.
China
Railroad companies stimulated the economy by spending money on ________________________________
Steel, Coal, Timber and other necessities.
Railroad________resulted in seven giant systems that controlled most rail traffic.
growth
Before the 1880s each community set its clocks by the ___________
Suns position at noon.
The ARA divided the country into 4 time zones to make rail service ______________ and _________
Reliable, safer
During the 1850-60s the federal land grant system awarded railroad companies _____________ acres of land
120 million
