Chapter 13: Takeaway 13.1: How Do Human Needs Influence Motivation to Work? Flashcards
Define engagement
engagement is aspects of the work experience that create a sense of connection to the job and organization
Define motivation
motivation accounts for the level, direction, and persistence of effort expended at work
Define a need
a need is an unfulfilled physiological or psychological desire
What are lower-order needs?
lower-order needs are physiological, safety, and social needs in Maslow’s hierarchy
What are higher-order needs?
higher-order needs esteem and self-actualization needs in Maslow’s hierarchy
What is the Deficit Principle?
• The Deficit Principle states that a satisfied need is not a motivator of behavior. People act in ways that satisfy deprived needs, ones for which a “deficit” exists
What is the Progression Principle?
• The Progression Principle states that people try to satisfy lower-level needs first and then move step-by-step up the hierarchy
Define existence needs
existence needs are desires for physiological and material well-being
Define relatedness needs
relatedness needs are desires for satisfying interpersonal relationships
Define growth needs
growth needs are desires for continued psychological growth and development
What is the Frustration-Regression Principle?
• The Frustration-Regression Principle states that an already-satisfied lower-level need can become reactivated when a higher-level need cannot be satisfied
Define need for achievement
need for achievement is the desire to do something better, to solve problems, or to master complex tasks
Define need for power
need for power is the desire to control, influence, or be responsible for other people
What is the need for personal power?
• The need for personal power is exploitative and involves manipulation purely for the sake of personal gratification
What is the need for social power?
• The need for social power is the positive face of power. It involves the use of power in a socially responsible way, one that is directed toward group or organizational objectives rather than personal ones.
Define need for affiliation
need for affiliation is the desire to establish and maintain good relations with people
Define satisfier factor or motivator factor
a satisfier factor is found in job content such as a sense of achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement, or personal growth
Define hygiene factor
a hygiene factor is found in the job context, such as working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary
Define job design
job design is the allocation of specific work tasks to individuals and groups
Define job enrichment
job enrichment increases job content by adding work planning and evaluating duties normally performed by the supervisor
What aspects of the work experience that create a sense of connection to the job and organization?
engagement
What accounts for the level, direction, and persistence of effort expended at work?
motivation
What is an unfulfilled physiological or psychological desire?
a need
What type of need are physiological, safety, and social needs in Maslow’s hierarchy?
lower-order needs
