Chapter 10: Human Resource Management Flashcards
Define human resource management (HRM)
human resource management is the process of attracting, developing, and maintaining a high-quality workforce
Define human capital
human capital is the economic value of people with job-relevant abilities, knowledge, ideas, energies, and commitments
What does strategic human resource management do?
strategic human resource management mobilizes human capital to implement organizational strategies
Define job discrimination
job discrimination occurs when someone is denied a job or job assignment for non-job-relevant reasons
Define equal employment opportunity (EEO)
equal employment opportunity is the right to employment and advancement without regard to race, sex, religion, color, or national origin
Define affirmative action
affirmative action is an effort to give preference in employment to women and minority group members
Define bona fide occupational qualifications
bona fide occupational qualifications are employment criteria justified by capacity to perform a job
Define employee privacy
employee privacy is the right to privacy on and off the job
Define pay discrimination
pay discrimination occurs when men and women are paid differently for doing equal work
Define pregnancy discrimination
pregnancy discrimination penalizes a women in a job or as a job applicant for being pregnant
Define age discrimination
age discrimination penalizes an employee in a job or as a job applicant for being over the age of 40
What is the process of attracting, developing, and maintaining a high-quality workforce?
human resource management (HRM)
What is the economic value of people with job-relevant abilities, knowledge, ideas, energies, and commitments?
human capital
What mobilizes human capital to implement organizational strategies?
strategic human resource management
What occurs when someone is denied a job or job assignment for non-job-relevant reasons?
job discrimination
What is the right to employment and advancement without regard to race, sex, religion, color, or national origin?
equal employment opportunity (EEO)
What is an effort to give preference in employment to women and minority group members?
affirmative action
What is employment criteria justified by capacity to perform a job?
bona fide occupational qualifications
What is the right to privacy on and off the job?
employee privacy
What occurs when men and women are paid differently for doing equal work?
pay discrimination
What penalizes a women in a job or as a job applicant for being pregnant?
pregnancy discrimination
What penalizes an employee in a job or as a job applicant for being over the age of 40?
age discrimination
Define person-job fit
person-job fit is the match of individual skills, interests, and personal characteristics with the job
Define person-organization fit
person-organization fit is the match of individual values, interests, and behavior with the organizational culture
Define recruitment
recruitment is a set of activities designed to attract a qualified pool of job applicants
What does a realistic job preview do?
a realistic job preview provide job candidates with all pertinent information about a job and organization
Define selection
selection is choosing whom to hire from a pool of qualified job applicants
What does reliability mean?
reliability means that a selection device gives consistent results over repeated measures
What does validity mean?
validity means that scores on a selection device have demonstrated links with future job performance
What does an assessment center do?
an assessment center examines how job candidates handle simulated work conditions
What does work sampling do?
work sampling evaluates applicants as they perform actual work tasks
What does socialization do?
socialization systematically influences the expectations, behavior, and attitudes of new employees
Define coaching
coaching occurs as an experienced person offers performance advice to a less experienced person
Define mentoring
mentoring assigns early-career employees as protégés to more senior ones
Define reverse mentoring
in reverse mentoring younger and newly hired employees mentor senior executives, often on latest developments with digital technologies
Define performance appraisal
performance appraisal is the process of formally evaluating performance and providing feedback to a job holder
What is a graphic rating scale?
a graphic rating scale is a checklist of traits or characteristics to evaluate performance
What is behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)?
a behaviorally anchored rating scale is a specific descriptions of actual behaviors to rate various levels of performance
What does a critical-incident technique do?
a critical-incident technique keeps a log of someone’s effective and ineffective job behaviors
Define 360° feedback
360° feedback includes superiors, subordinates, peers, and even customers in the appraisal process
Define multiperson comparison
a multiperson comparison compares one person’s performance with that of others
Define career development
career development is the process of managing how a person grows and progresses in a career
Define career planning
career planning is the process of matching career goals and individual capabilities with opportunities for their fulfillment
What is the match of individual skills, interests, and personal characteristics with the job?
person-job fit
What is the match of individual values, interests, and behavior with the organizational culture?
person-organization fit
What is a set of activities designed to attract a qualified pool of job applicants?
recruitment
What provide job candidates with all pertinent information about a job and organization?
realistic job preview
What is choosing whom to hire from a pool of qualified job applicants?
selection
What means that a selection device gives consistent results over repeated measures?
reliability
What means that scores on a selection device have demonstrated links with future job performance?
validity
What examines how job candidates handle simulated work conditions?
assessment center
What evaluates applicants as they perform actual work tasks?
work sampling
What systematically influences the expectations, behavior, and attitudes of new employees?
socialization
What familiarizes new employees with jobs, co-workers, and organizational policies and services?
orientation
What occurs as an experienced person offers performance advice to a less experienced person?
coaching
What assigns early-career employees as protégés to more senior ones?
mentoring
What is younger and newly hired employees mentor senior executives, often on latest developments with digital technologies?
reverse mentoring
What is the process of formally evaluating performance and providing feedback to a job holder ?
performance appraisal
What is a checklist of traits or characteristics to evaluate performance?
graphic rating scale
What is a specific descriptions of actual behaviors to rate various levels of performance?
behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)
What keeps a log of someone’s effective and ineffective job behaviors?
critical-incident technique
What includes superiors, subordinates, peers, and even customers in the appraisal process?
360° feedback
What compares one person’s performance with that of others?
multiperson comparison
What is the process of managing how a person grows and progresses in a career?
career development
What is the process of matching career goals and individual capabilities with opportunities for their fulfillment?
career planning
What does orientation do?
orientation familiarizes new employees with jobs, co-workers, and organizational policies and services
What does work-life balance involve?
work-life balance involves balancing career demands with personal and family needs
What are independent contractors?
independent contractors are hired on temporary contracts and are not part of the organization’s permanent workforce
Define contingency workers
contingency workers work as needed and part-time, often on a longer-term basis
Define merit pay
merit pay awards pay increases in proportion to performance contributions
Define bonus pay
bonus pay plans provide one-time payments based on performance accomplishments
Define profit sharing
profit sharing distributes to employees a proportion of net profits earned by the organization
Define gain sharing
gain sharing allows employees to share in cost savings or productivity gains realized by their efforts
Define stock options
stock options give the right to purchase shares at a fixed price in the future
Define fringe benefits
fringe benefits are nonmonetary forms of compensation such as health insurance and retirement plans
Define family-friendly benefits
family-friendly benefits help employees achieve better work-life balance
Define flexible benefits
flexible benefits are programs that allow choice to personalize benefits within a set dollar allowance
Define employee assistance programs
employee assistance programs help employees cope with personal stresses and problems
Define labor union
a labor union is an organization that deals with employers on the workers’ collective behalf
Define labor contract
a labor contract is a formal agreement between a union and an employer about the terms of work for union members
Define collective bargaining
collective bargaining is the process of negotiating, administering, and interpreting a labor contract
Define two-tier wage systems
a two-tier wage system pay new hires less than workers already doing the same jobs with more seniority
What involves balancing career demands with personal and family needs?
work-life balance
Who are hired on temporary contracts and are not part of the organization’s permanent workforce?
independent contractors
Who work as needed and part-time, often on a longer-term basis?
contingency workers
What awards pay increases in proportion to performance contributions?
merit pay
What plans provide one-time payments based on performance accomplishments?
bonus pay
What distributes to employees a proportion of net profits earned by the organization?
profit sharing
What allows employees to share in cost savings or productivity gains realized by their efforts?
gain sharing
What give the right to purchase shares at a fixed price in the future?
stock options
What are nonmonetary forms of compensation such as health insurance and retirement plans?
fringe benefits
What help employees achieve better work-life balance?
family-friendly benefits
What programs that allow choice to personalize benefits within a set dollar allowance?
flexible benefits
What help employees cope with personal stresses and problems?
employee assistance programs
What is an organization that deals with employers on the workers’ collective behalf?
labor union
What is a formal agreement between a union and an employer about the terms of work for union members?
labor contract
What is the process of negotiating, administering, and interpreting a labor contract?
collective bargaining
What pay new hires less than workers already doing the same jobs with more seniority?
two-tier wage systems
