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Intro kinesiology > Chapter 13 - Substance Use and Abuse > Flashcards

Chapter 13 - Substance Use and Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

give 2 definitions of drugs

A

1) substances used as medications or in the preparation of medication
2) substances that cause addiction, habituation, or a marked change in consciousness

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2
Q

addiction

A

compulsive physiological need

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3
Q

habituation

A

tolerance to the drug effects

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4
Q

dietary supplements

A

ingredients found in food that are processed to provide one or more micro and macronutrients

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5
Q

list 3 everyday drugs

A
  • caffeine
  • nicotine
  • alcohol
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6
Q

list 5 places caffeine can be found

A

1) coffee beans
2) tea leaves
3) cocoa beans
4) cola nuts
5) energy drinks

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7
Q

____-____mg of caffeine is not associated with adverse effects

A

400-450mg (2 cups of brewed coffee)

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8
Q

___mg IOC limit (~ 4-7 cups of brewed coffee)

A

12mg

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9
Q

what is the stimulant from caffeine?

A

CNS stimulant

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10
Q

what 3 things does CNS stimulant do?

A

1) increase alertness
2) increase fat burning
3) non-user side effects

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11
Q

list 6 non-user side effects of caffeine

A

1) insomnia
2) headaches
3) irritability
4) nervousness
5) elevated heart rate
6) high blood pressure

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12
Q

what kind of drug is alcohol?

A

depressant

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13
Q

true or false: alcohol has no ergogenic effect

A

true

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14
Q

12 ounces of beer = __ ounces of wine = __ ounces of hard liquer

A

5 ounces of wine, 1 ounce of hard liquer

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15
Q

what are 4 psychological effects of alcohol?

A

1) reduced tension
2) reduced anxiety
3) enhanced self-confidence
4) promotion of aggression

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16
Q

what are the 3 types of effects alcohol gives?

A

1) psychological effects
2) anti-tremor effects
3) negative side effects

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17
Q

what are 5 negative side effects produced by alcohol?

A

1) motor coordination
2) hand and eye coordination
3) reaction time
4) information processing
5) decision making

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18
Q

true or false: nicotine is a depressant

A

FALSE: nicotine is a stimulant

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19
Q

does nicotine have ergogenic effects?

A

no

20
Q

true or false: nicotine is harmful and dangerous to almost ALL levels of body functioning

A

true

21
Q

what does nicotine do to blood vessels?

A

decreases oxygen carrying capacity

22
Q

what does nicotine do to the heart?

A
  • restricts oxygen supply
  • increases oxygen demand
  • increases heart rate and blood pressure
23
Q

what does nicotine do to the lungs (alveoli)?

A

alters blood and airflow

24
Q

what does nicotine do to the skin?

A

decreases temperature

25
Q

______ is irritant and cardinogenic

A

nicotine

26
Q

what are the 6 types of illegal drugs?

A

1) stimulants
2) depressants
3) hallucinogens
4) anabolic steroids
5) opiates
6) cannabis

27
Q

what do stimulants and depressants affect?

A

brain

28
Q

what do hallucinogens affect?

A

perception and thought

29
Q

what does anabolic steroids affect?

A

muscles

30
Q

what do opiates affect?

A

sleep and pain

31
Q

what are 4 examples of cannabis?

A

marijuana, hashish, hash oil, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

32
Q

what are 3 examples of stimulants?

A

cocaine, crack, ecstasy

33
Q

what are 3 examples of depressants?

A

barbiturates, anavar, dinnabol

34
Q

give 3 examples of hallucinogens

A

LSD, PCP, mushrooms

35
Q

give 3 examples of opiates

A

heroin, morphine and codine

36
Q

what are the 3 effects from cannabis?

A

psychological, cognitive and physical

37
Q

give 2 examples of psychological effects from cannabis

A

1) feelings of calm and relaxation

2) talkativeness

38
Q

what are 4 cognitive effects of cannabis

A

1) impairs concentration
2) impairs short term memory
3) more vibrant sensory perception
4) alters sense of time and space

39
Q

what are 5 physical effects of cannabis?

A

1) impairs coordination and balance
2) increases appetite
3) rapid heart rate
4) red eyes
5) dry mouth and throat

40
Q

ergogenic aids

A

substances that enhance work output, particularly as it relates to athletic performance (include drugs and dietary supplements)

41
Q

what are the 4 basic ergogenic mechanisms?

A

1) CNS stimulation
2) increase substrate storage
3) supplemental energy source
4) facilitation of recovery

42
Q

what are athletes 2 beliefs about reasoning for supplementation?

A

1) ensures adequate micronutrient intake

2) “supercharging” elevates performance and training

43
Q

what are the 3 scientific evidence for reasoning for supplementation?

A

1) ensures adequate micronutrient intake ONLY for those athletes who are deficient
2) not necessary for those who maintain well-balanced diet
3) “supercharging” maybe harmful to death

44
Q

“super”

A

loading of muscle glycogen stores

45
Q

increase in glycogen does what to endurance performance?

A

increases it

Intro kinesiology (19 decks)

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