Chapter 13: Social Psycology (4A) Flashcards
What is social psychology?
It seeks to understand, explain, and predict how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others
What is social cognition?
The way in which people perceive and interpret themselves and others in their social world
What are additudes?
Relatively stable and enduring evaluations of things and people
What are the components of the ABD model of attitudes ?
A) The affective component - how we feel toward the object
B) The behavioural component - how we behave towards the object
The cognitive component - what we believe about the objects
What shapes attitudes ?
- Parents play a major role in shaping children’s Elias and opinions about things and people
- We generalize our individual experiences into an overall attitudes about the value of what we are doing
- As children mature, peers, their teachers, the media and social media shapes their attitudes
What is cognitive dissonance?
Emotional discomfort of holding contradictory beliefs or holding a belief that constricts behaviour
- we change our beliefs to justify (or match) our action
What is the self perception theory?
When people are are uncertain of their attitudes, they infer what the attitudes are by observing their own behaviour
Can we predict a person’s behaviour if we know their attitudes?
The attitude people express are not necessarily related to how they actually behave.
What is attitude specificity?
the more specific an attitude, the more likely it is to predict behaviour
Ex: Adele
What is attitude strength?
Stronger attitudes predict behaviour more accurately that weak or vague attitudes
What is social desirability?
Attitudes that mirror what we think others desire in a Person
What is Implicit attitude?
An attitude of which the person is unaware
What are stereotypes?
Fixed overgeneralized and oversimplified beliefs about a person or a group based on assumptions about the group
May be positive or negative
What is prejudice?
Negative unjust feelings about individuals based on their inclusion in a particular group
What are some contributors to stereotypes and prejudice?
- We identify the group based on similarities and differences
- Evolutionary perspective stereotypes and prejudice may have had some adaptive value
- Realistic conflict over scarce resources
What is the social identity theory?
Emphasizes social cognitive factors in the onset of prejudice
Factors in the social identity theory?
social categorization - we affiliate with a group to figure out how to act and react in the world
Social identity- we form an identity with a group
Social comparison we compare the group favourable with other groups causing a sense of positive well-being by looking at ourselves as superior in some way.
What is the central route of the empower of persuasion
Focuses on content, factual information, and logic to change attitudes
What is the peripheral route of persuasion?
Focuses on superficial information to change attitudes
What are some sources that aid in persuasion?
Sources that are:
- knowledgeable and likeable
- is similar to us
- presents both sides of the argument
What is the foot in the door technique?
Get them to agree to something small so they will agree to something anger later
EX: loaning a car for a day then asking to keep it for the entire weekend
What is the door in the face technique?
Ask for something very big knowing you will get turned down, but then ask for the smaller item you really wanted
EX: so dad for 100$ he’s gonna say no then ask for 10$ instead
What is the appeals to fear technique?
Ads that make it seem like something bad will happen if you do not comply
What are some barriers to persuasion?
- forewarning an audience that you will be trying to persuade them of something will immediate raise their defences
- Beginning with a weak argument instead of a strong one can make subsequent arguments seem weaker
