Chapter 13 - Section 2

Question 1

life cycle

Answer 1

the generation to generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism

Question 2

somatic cell

Answer 2

any cell other than a gamete that has 23 pairs of chromosomes

Question 3

karyotype

Answer 3

an ordered display of the pairs of chromosomes from a cell

Question 4

homologous chromosomes

Answer 4

the two chromosomes in each pair

Question 5

sex chromosomes

Answer 5

these determine the sex of the individual, called X and Y

Question 6

which chromosomes do human females have

Answer 6

homologous pair of X chromosomes (XX)

Question 7

which chromosomes do human males have?

Answer 7

they have one X and one Y chromosome

Question 8

what are the remaining 22 pairs of chromosomes called?

Answer 8

autosomes

Question 9

diploid cell

Answer 9

has two sets of chromosomes

Question 10

for humans the diploid number is ______

Answer 10

46 (2n = 46)

Question 11

each replicated chromosome consists of two _______

Answer 11

identical sister chromatids

Question 12

how many chromosomes does a gamete consist of?

Answer 12

a gamete contains a single set of chromosomes and is haploid.

Question 13

what is the haploid number for humans

Answer 13

23 (n = 23)

Question 14

how is each set of 23 chromosomes divided?

Answer 14

22 of them are autosomes and one of them is a single sex chromosome.

Question 15

in an unfertilized egg, the sex chromosome is?

Answer 15

X

Question 16

in a sperm cell, the sex chromosome is?

Answer 16

either X or Y

Question 17

fertilization

Answer 17

the union of gametes (the sperm and the egg)

Question 18

zygote

Answer 18

a fertilized egg, has one set of chromosomes from each parent.

Question 19

at sexual maturity, the ovaries and testes produce _____

Answer 19

haploid gametes