Chapter 12 - Section 2 Flashcards
The mitosis phase alternatives with ______
Interphase in the cell cycle
Who developed dyes to observe chromosomes during mitosis and cytokinesis?
German anatomist Walther Fleming
What does the cell cycle consist of?
- Mitotic (M) phase (mitosis and cytokinesis)
- Interphase (cell growth and copying of chromosomes in preparation for cell division)
What are the sun phases of interphase?
- G1 phase - (“first gap” growth)
- S phase - (“synthesis”)
- G2 phase - (“second grap” growth)
In what phase do chromosomes exclusively duplicate in?
the S phase
Mitosis is conventionally divided into which five phases?
- Prophase
- Prometaphase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telephase
CYTOKINESIS OVERLAPS THE LATTER STAGE OF MITOSIS
The mitotic spindle
A structure made of microtubules that controls chromosome movement during mitosis
Centrosome
The microtubules organizing center
When does the centrosome replicate and what does that do?
It replicates during the interphase and forms two centrosomes that migrate to opposite ends of the cell during pro phase and pro metaphase.
Aster
A radical array of short microtubules that extends from each centrosome.
Kinetochores
Protein complexes associated with centromeres
Metaphase plate
An imaginary structure at the midway point between the spindle’s two poles — chromosomes line up here during metaphase.
when do sister chromatids separate and move along the kinetochore microtubules toward opposite ends of the cell
During the anaphase
When do genetically identical daughter nuclei form at opposite ends of the cell
During telephase
When does cytokinesis begin
Since it overlaps, it beings during the anaphase or telophase
