Chapter 13: Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders Flashcards
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder
characterised by positive and negative symptoms, primarily hallucinations, delusions
must have 2 or more symptoms for 6+mo
generally chronic
Positive Symptoms
delusions (grandeur, persecution, etc)
hallucinations
Capgras Syndrome
Cotard Syndrome
Capgras Syndrome
a loved one has been replaced by a double
Cotard Syndrome
you’re a living corpse, essentially, or something is very bodily wrong
Negative Symptoms
apathy
avolition
anhedonia
alogia
affective flattening
asociality
Disorganised Symptoms
echopraxia (mimicking other’s movements)
cognitive slippage
tangentiality
loose associations
inappropriate affect
catatonia
waxy rigidity
disorganised speach
Prodromal Stage
a person has signs of schizophrenia, usually 1-2 years before the onset
ideas are less severe than schizophrenia, with less intense delusions and ideas of reference
Schizophreniform Disorder
characterised by a month or less of schizophrenic symptoms that are alleviated
absence of flat affect
Schizoaffective Disorder
characterised by psychotic symptoms and mood disorder/disturbance symptoms occurring independently of one another
still has delusions and/or hallucinations
mood disorder (depressive/manic) + depression
Delusional Disorder
characterised by the persistent belief of something opposing reality with no other schizophrenic symptoms
can be shared by-proxy
Types of Delusions (5)
erotomatic (someone is in love w/ you)
grandiose
jealous (unfaithful partner)
persecutory
somatic
Brief Psychotic Disorder
characterised by the presence of one or more positive symptoms lasting a month or less
Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome
characterised for those in the prodromal stage or high-risk for developing schizophrenia
Etiology of Schizophrenia Spectrum (and Related Disorders)
general biological vulnerability
Rosenthal’s quadruplet study: they all developed schizophrenia, but not the same type or at the same age of onset
gene-environment interactions
COMT gene
Smooth pursuit eye movement to diagnose earlier
dopamine????
Brain damage; ex large ventricles
prenatal and perinatal environments
born in the winter
living in the city correlated with higher incidence of schizophrenia
remember the diathesis stress model
Treatment for Schizophrenia Spectrum (and Related Disorders)
antipsychotics (1st gen are widely used, but have many side effects, like motor issues and tardive dyskinesia)
psychosocial treatments
social skill training
TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation)
neuroleptics
