Chapter 13 pt3 Flashcards
According to Festinger, inconsistency between attitudes motivates attitude change.
_______________ can explain why people sometimes come to believe their own lies.
Dissonance theory
The affective component of an attitude can be shaped by classical conditioning.
Attitudes can be strengthened by reinforcement or acquired through observational learning.
Learning theory
The central route to persuasion depends on the logic of one’s message, whereas the peripheral route depends on nonmessage factors, such as emotions.
Both routes can lead to effective persuasion, but the central route tends to produce more durable attitude change.
Elaboration likelihood model
People often infer their attitudes from their behaviour.
Self-perception theory
Research by Asch showed that people have a surprisingly strong tendency to _______.
conform
Asch found that conformity becomes more likely as group size ______ up to a size of seven.
increases
Asch’s findings have been replicated in many cultures, with even higher levels of conformity observed in ___________.
collectivist cultures
Milgram’s findings have been replicated in many modern nations, and even higher rates of _________ have been seen in many places.
obedience
The ______________ refers to the fact that people are less likely to provide help when they are in groups than when they are alone because of the diffusion of responsibility.
bystander effect
Productivity often declines in groups because of loss of
coordination and __________, which refers to the reduced effort seen when people work in groups.
social loafing
occurs when discussion leads a group to shift toward a more extreme decision in the direction it was already leaning.
Group polarization
In ____________, a cohesive group suspends critical thinking in a misguided effort to promote agreement.
groupthink
a negative attitude held toward members of a group.
Prejudice
involves behaving differently,
usually unfairly, toward the members of a group.
discrimination
- Does the source have a vested interest in the issue at hand?
- What are the source’s credentials?
- Is the information grossly inconsistent with the conventional view on the issue?
- What was the method of analysis used in reaching the conclusion?
assessing the credibility of the source of the information.
