chapter 13 Flashcards
oceans and seas
submerged volcanoes and hills
seamounts
vast bodies of salt water that separate the continents
ocean
the process in which water pools in large bodies
accumulation
ocean’s saltiness
salinity
process in which water falls from the sky
precipitation
smallest and shallowest, covered in sea ice
Arctic Ocean
marine scientists and engineers who work to better understand and use the oceans
oceanographers
place on higher land where rivers begin
source
end of river, where it meets the sea
mouth
largest and deepest, covers 1/3 of Earth’s surface
Pacific Ocean
flat, deep sea floor
abyssal plain
surrounds Antartica, cold and stormy
Southern Ocean
give two examples of pelagic organisms
phytoplanktons and jellyfishes
low salinity sea water
brackish
an area drained by a river and its tributaries
drainage basin
list five physical properties that could change the chemical make up of seawater
- temperature
- melting/freezing point
- pressure
- density
- speed of sound
important marine geologic features that form from the activities of animals
coral reef
a smaller river that joins a larger
tributary
list the five ocean basins
- pacific
- atlantic
- arctic
- Indian
- Southern
dark and cold
abyssal zone
water suitable for drinking
potable
a long, narrow topographical depression of ocean floor
oceanic trench
an island of volcanic origin
volcanic island
an ever-changing place that extends underwater beyond the shore
beach
list four kinds of precipitation
- rain
- snow
- sleet
- hail
mainly in the Southern Hemisphere, warm waters
Indian Ocean
a process in which liquid becomes a gas
evaporation
holds the majority of the earth’s water
massive underwater bowl
portion of the continent that is submerged under area of relatively shallow water
continental shelf
2nd largest, known for its s-shape
Atlantic Ocean
give two examples of benthic organisms
kelp and corals
a strip of land that separates the coastal region from the ocean
shore
long, carved strings of volcanic islands
island arcs
list the chemicals that make up seawater
- sodium ions
- sulfate ions
- magnesium
- chloride ions
- minerals
point at which two rivers join
confluence
bottom-dwelling animals and plants
benthic organisms
elongated steep-sided elevation of sea floor
submarine ridge
wide, gentle incline from deep ocean plain to continental slope
continental rise
no light
aphotic zone
plants and animals that doesn’t live at the bottom of the oceans
pelagic organisms
marine animal’s ability to tell the location of echoes
echolocation
why is the intertidal zone a hard place to live?
The waves pounds on animals here
lighted area
photic zone
process in which water within plants evaporate into the atmosphere
transpiration
what does the nitrogen cycle ensure?
that there is a continuous supply of nitrogen
