Chapter 13 Flashcards
What is metabolism?
The sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in a cell
Many of these reactions are linked in sequences call metabolic pathways
What is each step in a pathway catalyzed by ?
An enzyme
One product of one pathway can influence the reaction of another pathway
What are the two types of metabolic pathways ?
Anabolic and catabolic
What is an anabolic pathway
Builds larger molecules from smaller ones
Endergonic reaction(input of energy and products have more energy than the reactants)
What is a catabolic pathway ?
Larger molecules are broken down into smaller products
Exergonic reaction(release energy , the reactants have more energy that the products)
How are reactions in the cell found?
The reactions are coupled in the cell meaning both the endergonic and exergonic reactions take place at the same time
How are endergonic and exergonic reactions linked to?
Via intermediates called Energy carrier molecules
High energy and unstable molecules
What is the most common energy carrier molecule in the body ?
ATP
Holds on to the energy released from the exergonic reactions and gives it to the endergonic reaction when needed
What is the role of atp in the cell
It has two roles in the cell
1) one of the nucleotides used to make RNA
2) plays a role in energy coupling (linking endergonic and exergonic )
How does atp store the energy it captures ?
Within the chemical bonds
How does ATP function in the cell?
Diffuses throughout the cell and carries its stored energy to sites where it is needed
How is energy released form ATP?
When ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and Pi
Energy is released and bonds break
What does the cell require energy for?
Chemical work
Mechanical work
Transport work
Is ATP used continually ?
Yes it is and that is why it has to be regenerated
The cell regenerates ATP from ADP continously
How does ATP use and regenerate energy ?
The atp cycle
Energy from catabolism ( energy releasing processes) makes adp and Pi into atp and the atp joins with water and becomes ADP and Pi
