Chaper6 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are lipids

A

Diverse group of hydrophobic molecules
One class of large macromolecules that aren’t polymers
Share the common trait of being hydrophobic

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2
Q

What are the three types of lipids ?

A

Fats
Phospholipids
Steroids

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3
Q

What are the components of a fat?

A

3 Fatty acid and a glycerol

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4
Q

What is a fatty acid ?

A

Long,unbranched hydrocarbon chain with a -COOH group at one end
They can vary in length, number, and location of double bonds

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5
Q

What are the two types of fatty acids ?

A

Saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids

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6
Q

What are saturated fatty acids?

A

They have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible
No double bonds , solid at room temp

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7
Q

What is an unsaturated fatty acid?

A

They have one or more double bonds
Have kinks which prevent them from packing at room temp
They are liquid at room temp temp

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8
Q

What is a glycerol?

A

3 carbon molecule with an -oh group on each carbon

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9
Q

How do fatty acids and glycerol link ?

A

A dehydration reaction (also known as an ester bond ) that forms between a Hydroxyl and a carboxyl(o-c=o)

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10
Q

What is it called when one, two and three fatty acids link together ?

A

One fatty acids = monoglyceride
Two fatty acids = diglyceride
Three fatty acids= triglycerides

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11
Q

What is the main function of fats ?

A

Store energy and insulation

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12
Q

What is the second type of lipid ?

A

Phospholipids ?

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13
Q

What are phospholipids ?

A

Contain two fatty acids attached to a glycerol
Have a phosphate group instead of a third fatty acid

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14
Q

what is the structure of a phospholipid ?

A

A hydrophilic head which is phosphate
And hydrophobic tails (fatty acids )

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15
Q

What is the main function of phospholipids ?

A

They are involved in the membrane structure , results in a bilayer arrangement found in cell membranes

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16
Q

What is the third type of lipid ?

A

Steroids

17
Q

What are steroid ?

A

Lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings

18
Q

What is cholesterol

A

It is a steroid found in the cell membrane
Precursor for some hormones