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Anatomy Vocab > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

albumin

A

major protein in blood; maintains water content

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2
Q

antibody (Ab)

A

specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, etc; specific to an antigen and inactivates it

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3
Q

antigen

A

foreign substance/toxin that stimulates the production of an antibody

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4
Q

basophil

A

white blood cell containing granules that stain blue (with basic dye) associated with release of histamine and heparin

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5
Q

bilirubin

A

orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed

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6
Q

coagulation

A

blood clotting

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7
Q

colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

A

protein factor that stimulates the growth and differentiation of developing blood cells

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8
Q

differentiation

A

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

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9
Q

eosinophil

A

white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

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10
Q

erythroblast

A

immature red blood cell

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11
Q

erythrocyte

A

red blood cell; about 5 million per microliter/cubic millimeter of blood

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12
Q

erythropoietin (EPO)

A

hormone secreted by the kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

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13
Q

fibrin

A

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

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14
Q

fibrinogen

A

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

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15
Q

globulin

A

plasma protein; alpha, beta, and gamma (immuno) globulins are examples

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16
Q

granulocyte

A

white blood cell with cytoplasmic granules; eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophil

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17
Q

hematopoietic stem cell

A

cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

18
Q

hemoglobin

A

blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells

19
Q

heparin

A

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

20
Q

immune reaction

A

response of the immune system to foreign invasion

21
Q

immunoglobulin

A

protein (a globulin) with antibody activity

22
Q

leukocyte

A

white blood cell

23
Q

lymphocyte

A

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies to fight disease

24
Q

macrophage

A

monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces; as a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris; in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, macrophages destroy worn out red blood cells and also engulf bacteria/other harmful organisms

25
Q

megakaryocyte

A

large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

26
Q

monocyte

A

leukocyte with one large nucleus; a cell that engulfs foreign material and debris; become macrophages as they leave the blood/enter body tissues

27
Q

mononuclear

A

pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus

28
Q

myeloblast

A

immature bone marrow cell that gives rise to granulocytes

29
Q

neutrophil

A

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow; a phagocytic tissue-fighting cell; also called a polymorphonuclear leukocyte

30
Q

plasma

A

liquid portion of blood; contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, wastes, lipids, hormones, and vitamins

31
Q

plasmapheresis

A

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood; collected cells are retransfused back into the donor; fresh-frozen plasma or salt solution is used to replace withdrawn plasma

32
Q

platelet

A

small blood cell fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

33
Q

polymorphonuclear

A

pertaining to a white blood cell with a multilobed nucleus; neutrophil

34
Q

prothrombin

A

plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

35
Q

reticulocyte

A

immature erythrocyte; a network (reticulum) of strands is seen after staining the cell with special dyes

36
Q

Rh factor

A

antigen on red blood cells of Rh-positive (Rh+) individuals; factor was first identified in blood of rhesus monkey

37
Q

serum

A

plasma without clotting proteins/cells

38
Q

stem cell

A

unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized cell

39
Q

thrombin

A

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

40
Q

thrombocyte

A

platelet

Anatomy Vocab (19 decks)

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