Chapter 13 Flashcards
Function of the nervous system
The nervous system coordinates and controls body activity.
It detects and processes internal and external information and formulates appropriate responses
Structures of the nervous system
Two major divisions of the nervous system:
The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord.
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic nervous system, and ganglia
Neuron
The basic unit of he nervous sustem
The neuron consists of eh following
a cell body (soma)
dendrites
Carry impulses toward the cell body an axon
Carries impulses away from the cell
body
Combining form for dedritis
Dendr/o
Combining form for axon
ax/o
The gap between two neurons
The space between two neurons or between a neuron and a receptor is the synapse.
The combining forms for synapse are synaps/o and synapt/o.
Chemical substances called neurotransmitters are released into the space to allow information to be relayed
Supportive cells of nervous system
Neuroglia, or glial cells
gli/o
glue
Nerves are and combing form
A nerve is one or more bundles of impulse- carrying fibers that connect the CNS to other parts of the body.
Combining forms for nerve or nerve tissue are neur/i and neur/o.
Combining form for brain
encephal/o
Combining for for spinal cord
myel/o
The meninges
The meninges are a three- layered membrane that surrounds the CNS.
The combining forms for the
meninges are mening/o and meningi/o
Three layer of the meninges
Dura mater
The arachnoid membrane
Pia mater
The CSF is
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the clear,
colorless ultrafiltrate that nourishes, cools, and cushions the CNS.
Three main parts of the brain
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Cerebrum is the
The largest part and is responsible for receiving and processing information.
cerebr/o
Cerebellum is the
The second largest part that coordinates muscle activity.
cerebell/o
Brainstem connects the
Connects the cerebral hemispheres with the spinal cord and supports basic life functions
The autonomic nervous system is the
The autonomic nervous system is that part of the peripheral nervous system that innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
Two divisions of the ANS and what they do
sympathetic: “fight or flight”
Stress response parasympathetic: “rest and digest”
Maintains normal body function
Returns body to normal after stress response
Coma
deep state of unconsciousness
PLR
Pupillary light reflex
Ataxia
Without co ordination
