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Psyc 353-Psychology of Aging > Chapter 12: Where we live > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Where we live Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the 2011 Census

A
  • included those 65+
  • 92% of older adults lived in private dwellings
  • 8% in collective dwellings
  • relatively unchanged since 2001
  • majority 56.4% lived as part of a couple
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2
Q

How does living as a couple change with age?

A
  • the likelihood of living as a couple declines with age

- 85 and over, 46.2% and 10.4% of women

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3
Q

What is Long Term Care and how has it changed

A
  • more options than in the past
  • primarily for older adults
  • need assistance with ADLs and/or IADLs
  • home care or institutionalized care
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4
Q

Is Canada long term care covered by the Canada Health Act?

A
  • no
  • there is also no fully insured health service
  • costs vary within and across provinces and territories
  • in Alberta: long term care= continuing care
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5
Q

What is aging in place

A
  • remaining in own home or community
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6
Q

Ways to make aging in place easier and more pleasant

A
  • more items to easy reach
  • put grab bars on shower
  • improve lighting
  • lower water heater temperature
  • open space between rooms
  • remoce tripping hazards
  • stay connected
  • reduce fire hazards
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7
Q

How can home care help and what services do they do

A

services: meals, cleaning, assessment, case management, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, nursing care
- the goal is to delay or eliminate moving to long term care
- demand is growing

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8
Q

What are Alternative level of care patients (ALC)

A
  • waiting for placement
  • home care shortages
  • costly
  • medically stable
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9
Q

Gender differences in home caregivers?

A
  • slightly over half 54% of caregivers were female and 44% between ages of 45 and 64
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10
Q

Who provides home care support

A
  • health care professionals
  • paid caregivers
  • volunteers (family members)
  • personal support workers (PSWs) (underpaid, female, foreign-born, demanding conditions)
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11
Q

What are older adult villages

A
  • community-based service for older adults
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12
Q

What are Adult Day Programs

A
  • older adults who need assistance or supervision during the day receive a range of services in a setting that is either attached to another facility such as nursing home or stand alone agency
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13
Q

What is Respite Care

A
  • can include medication programs, therapy, meals, medical care, counselling etc
  • provides families and caregivers with a break while allowing the older adult to receive needed support
  • temporary care
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14
Q

What are Assisted Living Facilities

A
  • for people who need some assistance with activities of daily living but do not need 24 hour care
  • provides things such as meals, laundry, maybe nursing care
  • smaller and lower cost than nursing homes
  • alternative to nursing home
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15
Q

What services do nursing homes provide

A
  • moderate to high care

- rooming, meals, nursing, rehabilitative care, medical services (comprehensive care)

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16
Q

How have nursing homes changed

A
  • people are moving to person centred or family centred care
  • more holistic
  • theres an overall shortage of beds (especially in indigenous communities)
17
Q

Who provides nursing homes

A
  • there are public, private and nonprofit providers
  • for-profit (Private?) care increasing
  • becoming more common
18
Q

What are the behavioural and mental health issues associated with nursing homes

A
  • often related to confusion
  • may lead to overmedication which can lead to increased number of falls
  • lack of personnel for psychological treatment
19
Q

How to make a choice to stay at home or move to an alternative community

A
  • ideal situation is someone choosing to move to one
  • any level of control helps, feelings involved in the decision, do not want it to be forced
  • sometimes there really isnt a choice (stroke , fall, frailty)
  • can be very hard on the family ( feelings of guilt and regret)
20
Q

Admission to Long Term Care in Canada

A
  • Is executed through a co-ordinated placement process (single point entry model)
  • screening, referring and case managing
  • there is not a one size fits all nursing home
21
Q

What is Adjustment to Relocation based on?

A
  • preparation and education
  • communication between settings
  • preferences and goals considered
  • interprofessional collaboration
  • evidence- based model of care (relocation)
22
Q

What is the right environment (Models of Adaptation)

A
  • important to adapt as we age
  • traditionally nursing homes have catered to the ‘average’, which doesnt work for everyone
  • people have different cognitive, physical and psychosocial needs, think about how people might differ on these
  • usually ‘control’ over environment is good
23
Q

What is the Competence-Press Model

A
  • Competence: upper limit of a persons capacity to function (ability to handle situation)
  • Press: demands placed on the person (physical, interpersonal, social)
  • higher competence = handle more demands
  • lower competence = environment has greater impact
  • you cant just cater to those with the lowest competence because that is bad for people with higher competence
24
Q

Monitoring in long term care facilities

A
  • monitoring: continuing care reporting system

- resident assessment instrument, indices of physical, cognitive and psychosocial health

25
Q

What is the quality of long term care in Canada

A
  • 81% of covid 19 deaths in long-term care

- 42% across other countries

26
Q

What are the problems of long term care facilities

A
  • not enough staff
  • stressful
  • too much work
  • lack of autonomy
  • lack of social support with other workers
  • low status
    (must make residents feel competent and in control)
27
Q

What are the things that may lead to negative outcomes in long term care

A
  • resident has little to say on decision to enter nursing homes
  • patient instead of resident
  • being overly helpful makes residents more dependent (perform under their ability)
  • there is a strict routine tjat leads to mindless behaviour
28
Q

How can we impact the environment and make things better

A
  • more focus in community/ neighbourhood
29
Q

Human factors and ergonomic factors in making care facilities better

A
  • behavioural methods to increase independence (staff-resident relationships)
  • sense of neighbourhood to community
  • allocate staff to specific residents NOT specific tasks
  • make more home-like
30
Q

What is the Culture Change Movement

A
  • person centred care
  • sense of community
  • increase independence
  • allocate staff to residents not needs
  • make more home like
31
Q

What is the green house model

A
  • individual homes within a small community of 6-10 residents and skilled nursing staff

Psyc 353-Psychology of Aging (13 decks)

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