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BIOL 3306 > Chapter 12 - The Central Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 12 - The Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Sensory and Motor functions are performed by the —– Nervous system

A

PNS

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2
Q

Integrative functions are carried out exclusively by the —– Nervous sytem

A

CNS

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3
Q

Brain is consisted of 4 divisions

A

Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Cerebellum
Brainstem

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4
Q

Cerebrum is enlarged, superior portion, composed of right and left ———

A

Hemispheres

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5
Q

Cerebrum is responsible for higher mental functions, including….

A

Learning, memory, personality, conscience, cognition (thinking), language, major role in sensation and movement

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6
Q

Diencephalon - Central core, composed of 4 parts, and responsible for…

A
  • Processing, Integrating, and relaying information
  • Maintaining homeostasis of physiological variables
  • Regulation of movement, biological rythyms
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7
Q

Cerebellum - Posterior, inferior portion, composed of right and left ….

A

Hemispheres

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8
Q

Cerebellum is important in…

A
  • Planning and coordination of movement
  • Complex activities like sports or playing an instrument
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9
Q

Brainstem - Connects the ——– and ———-
(Fatal if damaged)

A

Brain & Spinal cord

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10
Q

Brainstem controls basic INVOLUNTARY processes like…

A
  • Rate and depth of breathing
  • Mediate certain reflexes
  • Monitor movement
  • Integrate and relay information to other parts of the nervous system
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11
Q

——- Long , tubular organ encased within the vertebral cavity

A

Spinal cord

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12
Q

Spinal cord begins at the —– —–, where it blends with the brainstem

A

Foramen magnum

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13
Q

White Matter contains ——- Axon

A

Myelinated Axon

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14
Q

Grey Matter contains ——- Axon

A

Unmyelinated Axon

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15
Q

Brain has the grey matter on the —— while spinal cord has it on the —–

A

outside (External)
inside (Internal)

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16
Q

Outer layer of cerebrum - contains ——- Matter

A

Cerebral Cortec - Grey Matter

17
Q

5 Lobes of the Cerebral Hemispheres

A

Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Insulas

18
Q

Clusters of cell bodies buried in the cerebral hemispheres, they inhibit involuntary movement and initiate voluntary movement

A

Basal nuclei - (Gray Matter)

19
Q

Prevents upper motor neurons from spontaneous, muscle contractions

A

Globus pallidus

20
Q

Inhibit globus pallidus to begin movement

A

Caudate nucleus and putamen

21
Q

Connect cerebral hemispheres

A

Commissural fibers

22
Q

Comissural Fibers - Largest of four groups of fibers in cereberum makes up the

A

Corpus callosum

23
Q

Connect cerebral cortex of one hemisphere to other areas

A

Projection fibers

24
Q

projection fibers form a radiating pattern called

A

corona radiata

25
Q

corona radiata condense to form v-shaped bands called

A

Internal capsules

26
Q

Restricted to a single hemisphere and connect gray matter of cortical gyri (area) with one another

A

Association Fibers

27
Q

Hippocampus is connected to a c-shaped ring of ——- Matter called

A

White Matter
Forinx

28
Q

Hippocampus 3 main functions

A

Memory
Spatial Navigation
Learning

29
Q

Amygdala main function

A

behavioral expression of emotion (fear)

30
Q

Consists of 2 large masses of Gray Matter

A

Thalamus

31
Q

Diencephalon has 4 components

A

Thalamus
Epithalamus
Hypothalamus
Subthalamus

32
Q

Regulates sleep/wake cycle,
thirst and hunger
body temperature

A

Hypothalamus

33
Q

Control basic functions - Maintainance of heart rate and breathing rhythm

A

Brainstem

34
Q

Circadian rhythm controlled by hypothalamic ———- or biological clock

A

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)

35
Q

In the temporal lobe, responsible for understanding language and linking a word with its correct symbolic meaning

A

Wernicke’s Area

36
Q

Declarative Memory is about

A

Facts

37
Q

Nondeclarative memory is about

A

Skills

38
Q

Inside the skull - 3 features add protection to brain

A

Cranial meninges
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Blood Brain Barrier BBB

39
Q

spinal cord has 2 roles

A

Relay station
Processing station

BIOL 3306 (11 decks)

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