Chapter 12: Somatic & Special Senses Flashcards
Name the largest papillae of the tongue
Circum vallate
Sour is best tasted in which portion of the tongue
Sides
What type of sensory organs are the gustatory organs
Taste
What type of stimulus is required for olfactory reception to occur
Few molecules/ Chemicals
Name the 5 primary taste sensations
Sour, salty, sweet, bitter, and umami
What is lacking in the blind spot so that it has no vision capability
Rods and cones
Name the structures that protect the eye
Eyebrows, eyelashes, and eyelids
What is the term we use to describe the closest distance at which sharp focus is attained by the eyes
Near point
The thin transparent mucous membrane covering the anterior of the eye and lining the eyelids
Conjunctiva
The ability of the eyes to focus together so that we see only one image and have depth perception
Binocular vision
A touch receptor is an example of this type of receptor
Mechanoreceptors
The process that adjusts the lens for near vision
Accommodation
Light energy initiates nerve impulse in what structure
Retina
A sex linked trait; lacking cones
Colorblind
Centra Fovea
In what area of they eye are cones most densely concentrated
The colored part of the eye
Iris
A kind of pain often experienced by people suffering a heart attack
Reffered pain
What receptors work to allow color vision
3 kind of cones
What is the term we use to describe bringing each eye to focus at the same point
Convergence
The bending of light rays as they pass from the air through the cornea and lens
Refraction
List the accessory structures of the eye
Eyebrows Eyelids Eyelashes Eye muscles Lacrimal apparatus
Where does most of our refraction occur
Cornea
The outermost layer of the retina that contains melanin to absorb light rays
Pigment epithelium
The structure that provides blood for the eye and absorbs scattered light rays
Choroid
In what area do humans have the sharpest vision
Central fovea
In what process are the maculae and semi circular canal involved
Equilibrium
The equilibrium apparatus concerned with maintaining posture
Maculae of vestibule
The structure(s) for dynamic(motion) equilibrium
Semi circular canal
What makes up the bony labyrinthn
Cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canal
The ear structure that converts sound waves into vibrations
Tympanic membrane
A balance disorder which causes a person to feel that they are going around in space and are extremely dizzy
Vertigo
Disorder caused by fusion of the bones of the middle ear
Conduction deafness
A constant ringing in the ears
Tinnitus
The structure that helps equalize air pressure on the tympanic membrane
Eustachian tube
A disorder caused by nonfunctional organs of cordi within the cochlea
Sensorinewal deafness
What is created when hair cells come in contact with tectorial membrane
Impulse
What is the purpose of static equilibrium
Balance
Sound waves directly cause what structure to vibrate
Tympanic
Nociceptors are receptors of _______?
Pain
Block the formulation of chemicals that stimulate the nociceptors
Analgesics
Responsible for vision in bright light
Cones
Responsible for vision in dim light
Rods
Changes the shape of the lens
Ciliary muscle
Controls light entry into eyes
Iris
Focus light onto the retina
Lens
Central area of retina
Macula lutea
Nearsightedness
Myopia
Farsightedness
Hyperopia
Focusing of light rays behind the retina
Vitreous chamber
Corrected by convex corrective lens
Hyperopia
Fluid in the anterior cavity of the eye
Aqueous humor
Excess fluid pressure in the eye
Glaucoma
Clouding of the lens and or cornea
Cataract
Lens that has lost its elasticity with age
Presbyopia
Fluid in the posterior cavity of the eye
Vitreous humor
Normal vision
Visual acuity
Irregular curvature of the lens or cornea
Astigmatism
How many molecules of a substance need to be present in the air to be smelled
A few
How are taste and smell related
Taste in auditory
These papillae cover most of the surface of the tongue and rarely contain taste buds
Filli form
The lateral edges of the tongue are more sensitive to what substances
Sour
What substance maintains the pressure in the eye
Aqueous humor
Where does the aqueous humor drain
Blood
The structure commonly know as the “white” of the eye
Sclera
What is the shape of the lens when you view distant objects
Flat
Which type of equilibrium refers to maintenance of body position (as in posture)
Static
The nerve that carries impulses from our eyes to the occipital lobe of the brain
Optic nerve
A. anterior cavity
B. choroid cavity
C. central fovea
D. ciliary body
E. cornea
AB. iris
AC. lens
AD. optic disc
AE. optic nerve
BC. posterior cavity
BD. pupil
BE. retina
CD. sclera
CE. suspensory ligament
A. auricle (pinna)
B. cochlea
C. eustachian tube
D. external auditory canal
E. incus
AB. malleus
AC. round window
AD. semicircular canal
AE. stapes
BC. tympanic membrane
BD. vestibulocochlear nerve
