Chapter 12: Problem Solving Flashcards
What are features
specific reasoning processes that can be acquired
Features improve with what kind of practice
- deliberate
What is metacognition
our awareness of our own mental processes
We can look at problems and quickly decide whether it can be retrieved from memory or has to be solved effortfully, or switch between the 2 using…
metacognition
What is an analogy
problem solving is enhanced by knowing the solution to a similar problem
What does Analogical transfer refer to
the ability to transfer a solution from one problem to the next
Does problem solving use principles that are domain-specific or not
not
Problem solving requires _______?
Intelligence
- The ability to derive general principles and apply it in other domains
Analogies only helps those who notice ______ between the conditions
similarity
What is the role of analogy in problem solving. Give an example of your own.
problem solving is enhanced by knowing the solution to a similar problem
- car stuck in mud vs car stuck in snow
What is the Gestalt Approach
Restructuring a problem to find a solution
What are the two aspects to problem solving (Gestalt)
- problem representation
2. insight
What is problem representation
how a problem is represented in the mind
- changing the representation of a problem can help arrive at solutions (restructuring)
What is insight in the gestalt approach
the sudden emergence of a solution
What is restructuring
changing the representation of a problem can help arrive at solutions