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Psych 111 > Chapter 12: Personality > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

personality

A

unique set of consistent behavioral traits, explains stability of behavior and differences among people in the same situations

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2
Q

personality trait

A

tendency to behave in a particular way in a variety of situations

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3
Q

neuroticism

A

worried, insecure, self-pitying

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4
Q

extraversion

A

sociable, fun-loving, affectionate

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5
Q

openness to experience

A

imaginative, variety, independent

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6
Q

agreeableness

A

softhearted, trusting, helpful

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7
Q

conscientiousness

A

well organized, careful, self-disciplined

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8
Q

psychodynamic theories

A

focus on unconscious mental forces

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9
Q

freud’s 3 divisions of personality

A

id: pleasure principle, biological urges
ego: reality principle, decisions
superego: moral component, social standards

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10
Q

conscious

A

what one is aware of

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11
Q

preconscious

A

just beneath surface of awareness, easily retrieved

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12
Q

unconscious

A

memories, thoughts and desires deep below the surface

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13
Q

defense mechanisms

A

largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from unpleasant emotions

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14
Q

rationalization

A

create excuse to justify unacceptable behavior

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15
Q

repression

A

burying distressing thoughts in the unconscious

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16
Q

projection

A

attributing one’s own thoughts feelings or motives to another

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17
Q

displacement

A

diverting feelings to another target

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18
Q

reaction formations

A

behaving in a way opposite of one’s feelings

19
Q

regression

A

reversion to immature behavior

20
Q

identifications

A

forming imaginary alliance with a person/group

21
Q

sublimation

A

channel unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable or admirable behaviors, healthiest method

22
Q

psychosexual stages

A

developmental periods with sexual focus that influence adult personality

23
Q

oedipal complex

A

children develop sexual desires for opposite sex parent and hostility towards same sex parent

24
Q

oral stage

A

1st year, breast to bottle

25
Q

anal stage

A

potty training, could lead to sexual anxiety

26
Q

phallic stage

A

oedipal complex, penis envy

27
Q

latency stage

A

sexuality is latent, age 6-puberty, expanding social contacts

28
Q

genital stage

A

puberty, sexual energy channeled towards other sex

29
Q

personal unconscious

A

repressed or forgotten material

30
Q

collective unconscious

A

latent memory traces inherited from people’s ancestral past

31
Q

archetypes

A

emotionally charged images and thought forms that have universal meanings

32
Q

striving for superiority

A

universal drive to adapt, improve oneself and master life’s challenges

33
Q

reciprocal determinism

A

idea that mental events, external environmental events and overt behavior all influence eachother

34
Q

observational learning

A

responding is influenced by observation of models

35
Q

self-efficacy

A

ability to perform behaviors should lead to expected outcomes

36
Q

humanism

A

perspectives, unique qualities of humans

37
Q

self-concept

A

collection of beliefs about one’s own nature, qualities and typical behavior

38
Q

self-actualization

A

need to fulfill one’s potential

39
Q

terror management theory

A

explain why people need self-esteem, awareness of death

40
Q

mortality salience

A

degree to which mortality is prominent in the mind

41
Q

individualism

A

personal goals and identification ahead of group

42
Q

collectivism

A

group goals and identification ahead of personal

43
Q

projective tests

A

ask participants to respond to vague stimuli that may reveal personality traits

Psych 111 (16 decks)

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