Chapter 10: Motivation and Emotion Flashcards
motivation
goal-oriented behavior
drive
internal state of tension that motivates an organism to engage in activities that should reduce the tension, push, (hunger)
incentive
an external goal that motivates behavior, pull
evolutionary theory of motivation
natural selection favors behaviors that maximize reproductive success
motivation of hunger/eating
controlled by hypothalamus, glucose, hormone insulin
phases of sexual response
excitement
plateau
orgasm
resolution
normative cues
socially appropriate food intake
sensory cues
characteristics of food itself, palatability, obese people are more sensitive to these
settling-point theory
weight tends to drift around the level at which consumption and expenditure reach an equilibrium
achievement motive
the need to master difficult challenges, outperform others and meet high standards of excellence
affective forcasting
efforts to predict one’s emotional reactions to future events, people tend to incorrectly predict intensity of emotions
galvanic skin response (GSR)
increase in the electrical conductivity in skin that occurs when sweat glands increase activity, measures emotions
polygraph
up to 85-90% accurate
controls emotion in the brain
focus is amygdala, also hypothalamus and limbic system
6 fundamental emotions
happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, disgust
facial feedback hypothesis
facial muscles send signals to the brain causing emotions
James-Lange theory
physical arousal leads to conscious experience
Cannon-Bard theory
thalamus sends signals to create arousal and conscious feeling of emotion at the same time
Schachter theory
arousal, then interpretation and then conscious feeling of emotion
evolutionary theories of emotion
emotions are innate reactions to certain stimuli, emotion evolved before thought
situational factors of achievement
probability of success
incentive value of success
hedonic adaptation
occurs when the baseline of how happy someone is at their neutral point shifts
