Chapter 12: Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

2 divisions of the nervous system

A

Central and peripheral

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2
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Nerves and ganglia

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4
Q

____ are clusters of nerve cell bodies in the ____ nervous system

A

Ganglia; peripheral

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5
Q

T or F: sensory and motor components are divided into somatic/visceral sensory and somatic/visceral motor

A

True

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6
Q

Pain, touch, vibration pressure, and temperate are basic ____ sensory input

A

Somatic

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7
Q

2 types of nervous tissue cells

A

Neurons and supporting cells

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8
Q

Neurons and supporting cells are collectively called ____

A

Neuroglia

- Neurons are the fundamental structural and functional unit in the nervous system

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9
Q

T or F: Human nervous system contains 100 million neurons

A

False; 100 billions

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10
Q

Neurons are excitable cells and the source of ___

A

Nerve impulses or action potential

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11
Q

Central nervous system cells

A
  1. Astrocytes
  2. Microglial
  3. Ependymal
  4. Oligodendrocytes
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12
Q

Astrocytes

A
  1. Associate astrocytes with the blood brain barrier

2. Regulate neuronal activity and growth

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13
Q

Microglial

A

Tissue macrophages in the CNS

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14
Q

Ependymal

A

Form the lining of brain ventricles and produce cerebrospinal fluid

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15
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

Produce myelin sheath in the CNS

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16
Q

Peripheral nervous system cells

A

Schwann cell

Satellite cell

17
Q

Schwann cell

A

Produce myelin sheath in the PNS

18
Q

Satellite cell

A

surround neuron cell bodies within ganglia

19
Q

Myelinated axons in PNS

A

Formed by schwann cells

20
Q

Non-myelinated axons in PNS

A

Lack myelin sheath

21
Q

Gray matter is composed of primarily of ____ and white matter represents ______

A

Nerve cell bodies; myelinated axons

22
Q

Neuron

A

a nerve cell

23
Q

Nerve fiber

24
Q

Nerve

A

collection if axons in the pns

25
5 components: Reflex arc
1. Receptor 2. Sensor neuron 3. Integration center 4. Motor neuron 5 Effector
26
5 components of of reflex arc
1. Receptor 2. Sensory neuron 3. Interneuron (integrating connection) 4. Motor neuron 5. Effector (muscle)
27
Reflexes can be classified according to the _____ or synapses
Number | - Monosynaptic; polysynaptic
28
T or F: Reflexes are integrated into CNS for processing and interpretation
True | - Localize and feel pain
29
____ have neuronal stem cells only in isolated regions of the brain severely limiting the capacity to regenerate neurons and recover from ____ or _____ injury
Adults; brain or spinal cord injury
30
Proprioception
sensing one's own body | - detects amount of stretch in muscles, tendons
31
Demonstrate: Proprioception
flex and extend your fingers without looking you will be able to tell which fingers are moving