Chapter 12: Nervous System Flashcards
2 divisions of the nervous system
Central and peripheral
Central nervous system
Brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system
Nerves and ganglia
____ are clusters of nerve cell bodies in the ____ nervous system
Ganglia; peripheral
T or F: sensory and motor components are divided into somatic/visceral sensory and somatic/visceral motor
True
Pain, touch, vibration pressure, and temperate are basic ____ sensory input
Somatic
2 types of nervous tissue cells
Neurons and supporting cells
Neurons and supporting cells are collectively called ____
Neuroglia
- Neurons are the fundamental structural and functional unit in the nervous system
T or F: Human nervous system contains 100 million neurons
False; 100 billions
Neurons are excitable cells and the source of ___
Nerve impulses or action potential
Central nervous system cells
- Astrocytes
- Microglial
- Ependymal
- Oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes
- Associate astrocytes with the blood brain barrier
2. Regulate neuronal activity and growth
Microglial
Tissue macrophages in the CNS
Ependymal
Form the lining of brain ventricles and produce cerebrospinal fluid
Oligodendrocytes
Produce myelin sheath in the CNS
Peripheral nervous system cells
Schwann cell
Satellite cell
Schwann cell
Produce myelin sheath in the PNS
Satellite cell
surround neuron cell bodies within ganglia
Myelinated axons in PNS
Formed by schwann cells
Non-myelinated axons in PNS
Lack myelin sheath
Gray matter is composed of primarily of ____ and white matter represents ______
Nerve cell bodies; myelinated axons
Neuron
a nerve cell
Nerve fiber
Long axon
Nerve
collection if axons in the pns
5 components: Reflex arc
- Receptor
- Sensor neuron
- Integration center
- Motor neuron
5 Effector
5 components of of reflex arc
- Receptor
- Sensory neuron
- Interneuron (integrating connection)
- Motor neuron
- Effector (muscle)
Reflexes can be classified according to the _____ or synapses
Number
- Monosynaptic; polysynaptic
T or F: Reflexes are integrated into CNS for processing and interpretation
True
- Localize and feel pain
____ have neuronal stem cells only in isolated regions of the brain severely limiting the capacity to regenerate neurons and recover from ____ or _____ injury
Adults; brain or spinal cord injury
Proprioception
sensing one’s own body
- detects amount of stretch in muscles, tendons
Demonstrate: Proprioception
flex and extend your fingers without looking you will be able to tell which fingers are moving
