Chapter 12 MCQ From Textbook Flashcards
Which of the following cavities contains a component of the central nervous system?
a. abdominal
b. pelvic
c. cranial
d. thoracic
C) Cranial
Which structure predominates in the white matter of the brain?
a. myelinated axons
b. neuronal cell bodies
c. ganglia of the parasympathetic nerves
d. bundles of dendrites from the enteric nervous
system
a) Myelinated Axons
Which part of a neuron transmits an electrical signal to a target cell?
a. dendrites
b. soma
c. cell body
d. axon
d) Axon
Which term describes a bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system?
a. nucleus b. ganglion c. tract
d. nerve
d) Nerve
Which functional division of the nervous system would be responsible for the physiological changes seen during exercise (e.g., increased heart rate and sweating)?
a. somatic
b. autonomic
c. enteric
d. central
b) Autonomic
What type of glial cell provides myelin for the axons in a tract?
a. oligodendrocyte
b. astrocyte
c. Schwann cell
d. satellite cell
a) Oligodendrocyte
Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus?
Soma (Cell Body)
Which of the following substances is least able to cross the blood-brain barrier?
a. water
b. sodium ions
c. glucose
d. white blood cells
d) White Blood Cells
What type of glial cell is the resident macrophage behind the blood-brain barrier?
a. microglia
b. astrocyte
c. Schwann cell
d. satellite cell
a) Microglia
What two types of macromolecules are the main components of myelin?
a. carbohydrates and lipids
b. proteins and nucleic acids
c. lipids and proteins
d. carbohydrates and nucleic acids
c) Lipids and Proteins
If a thermoreceptor is sensitive to temperature sensations, what would a chemoreceptor be sensitive to?
a. light
b. sound
c. molecules d. vibration
c) Molecules
Which of these locations is where the greatest level of integration is taking place in the example of testing the temperature of the shower?
a. skeletal muscle
b. spinal cord
c. thalamus
d. cerebral cortex
d) Cerebral Cortex
How long does all the signaling through the sensory pathway, within the central nervous system, and through the motor command pathway take?
a. 1 to 2 minutes
b. 1 to 2 seconds
c. fraction of a second
d. varies with graded potential
c) Fraction of a second
What is the target of an upper motor neuron?
Lower motor neuron
What ion enters a neuron causing depolarization of the cell membrane?
a. sodium
b. chloride
c. potassium
d. phosphate
a) Sodium
Voltage-gated Na+ channels open upon reaching what state?
a. resting potential
b. threshold
c. repolarization
d. overshoot
b) Threshold
What does a ligand-gated channel require in order to open?
a. increase in concentration of Na+ ions
b. binding of a neurotransmitter
c. increase in concentration of K+ ions
d. depolarization of the membrane
b) Binding of a neurotransmitter.
What does a mechanically gated channel respond to?
a. physical stimulus
b. chemical stimulus
c. increase in resistance
d. decrease in resistance
a) Physical stimulus.
Which of the following voltages would most likely
be measured during the relative refractory period?
a. +30 mV
b. 0 mV
c. -45 mV
d. -80 mv
c) -45mV
Which of the following is probably going to propagate an action potential fastest?
a. a thin, unmyelinated axon
b. a thin, myelinated axon
c. a thick, unmyelinated axon
d. a thick, myelinated axon
d) A thick, myelinated axon.
How much of a change in the membrane potential is necessary for the summation of postsynaptic potentials to result in an action potential being generated?
a. +30 mV b. +15 mV c. +10 mV d. -15 mV
b) +15mV
A channel opens on a postsynaptic membrane that causes a negative ion to enter the cell. What type of graded potential is this?
a. depolarizing
b. repolarizing
c. hyperpolarizing d. non-polarizing
c) Hyperpolarizing Graded Potential.
What neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction?
a. norepinephrine b. serotonin
c. dopamine
d. acetylcholine
d) Acetylcholine.
What type of receptor requires an effector protein to initiate a signal?
a. biogenic amine
b. ionotropic receptor
c. cholinergic system
d. metabotropic receptor
d) Metabotropic Receptor
Which of the following neurotransmitters is associated with inhibition exclusively?
a. GABA
b. acetylcholine c. glutamate
d. norepinephrine
a) GABA
